International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

One of the main ways of obtaining high yields is a method of sowing and technology for its implementation. At present in the world practice, the creation of high-performance and adapted to certain soil-climatic conditions, sowing units is moving in two directions: increasing the degree of combination (versatility) of sowing machines and the use of centralized tanks for seeds and fertilizers, and pneumatic sowing systems.
However, models of seeders with CVS do not fully meet agro technical requirements for uniformity of sowing between coulters and are aggregated only with a specific tractor class, while having a high cost and low annual load. In this connection, the creation of high-performance and adapted to certain soil and climatic conditions of Kazakhstan is very relevant.

We have developed direct seeding seeders based on the AGTS-2,0 stubble drill with the following coulter combinations :

– Disc and chisel openers installed in at least two rows, in one of the rows there are chisels, and in the other – disk, which provide high throughput and low traction resistance when working on stubble untreated backgrounds;

– Disc and cultivator claws with seed spreaders for sowing with a wide belt (band-sowing seed), providing high throughput, low traction resistance and increasing yield.

This paper presents the results of the laboratory and field tests.

Based on a search of experimental and theoretical assumptions we offer direct sowing with the following configuration options for openers:

– Option 1 installation disk and chisel openers in two rows: one of them is chisel, and in another – disc, ensuring high throughput and low tractive resistance at work after cereal raw backgrounds;

– Option 2 – installation disc and tines with distribution of seeds for sowing a wide belt (belt drill seeding), providing high throughput, low driving resistance and high yields.

The existing drills and working bodies to separate seed and fertilizer do not fully ensure the implementation of agro-technical requirements for the zone of Northern Kazakhstan. Therefore, the creation of stubble sowing and fertilizers with a separate seed and fertilizer is a major challenge. The novelty of the proposed seeder is that the implementation of the separate seed and fertilizer at planting is done at the expense of modernization and seed boxes are sealed parts. The formulation and fertilizers stubble seeder with a separate seed and fertilizer put the scheme tested in different soil-climatic zones of the CIS-planters cultivators type ESS, namely SZTS 2.0 while performing presowing loosening the soil, seeding, and ferti-lizers introduction and after sowing compacting.

This paper presents the development of fertilizers drills for resource-saving technologies aimed at modernization (simplification) in general device, increasing the safety factor implementation process and to improve the performance of seeders, minimal disruption of the soil structure to ensure the quality of sowing on moist soils, providing high cross at sowing after cereal backgrounds, with a spacing of 15 cm.

The paper presents the development of pneumatic grain drills adapted to the local conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. They have simple structure, low cost and high flexibility, high productivity, low power consumption and can be aggregated to a wide class of tractors from 1.4 ton to 8.0 tons.