International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The structure of the bulk crystals allow to determine the habit of the nanocrystales on their base only as a source point. It is impossible to neglect the size, form and influence of surface. The liquids surface relatively quickly passes to equilibrium form when free energy is minimum. Debye’s temperature is rather arbitrary parameter. Its determination is based on some approach. However this parameter is introduced to the reference books and is broadly used in the crystal physics. Proposed strategy allows defining habit maximum size of nanoparticles on the base well known physics representations. The L–value is determined the bounder between sizes where it can be done value description and where it’s necessary to take into account the particle sizes.

The physical properties of nanoparticles as modifiers are depend on their geometrical characteristics. These objects have 5- and 10-axis symmetry which is forbidden for crystals. The 3×3 matrices-generators of point groups of rotation in crystallographical and crystallophysics basises have as matrix elements 0 and ±1, except groups hexa- and trigonal in H-basis crystals. But these lattices too have 0 and ±1 as matrix elements for matrical representation of point moving in crystallographical basis. For describing the point groups of pentagonal and decagonal symmetries, instead of crystal lattices the so-named general regular lattices (GRL). The two dimensional GRL is known as Penrose’s sets. For 3-d pentagonal sets there are 14 groups of point symmetry, which are not crystallographic because their elements may be golden ratio.

It is investigated features of phase structure of metal-polymeric nanocomposite based on thermoplastic matrices. Effect of realization of reversible phase transition “nanometal – high-molecular metal-containing compound” which determines hardening, wear and thermal-oxidative degradation mechanisms is established.