International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Vortex Gas Pistons technology has been developed and manufactured to be specifically applied in most air rifles and it uses regular air instead of any other type of gas. Manufacturer ****** offers 6 different types of Vortex Gas Pistons covering most of the Break Barrel and Underlever lines. Despite the demand for high quality materials and optimal construction, operational impacts invariably take their toll on the weapon and defects often occur due to a variety of reasons – either quality or manufacturing defects in the material and those resulting from friction between individual parts, pressure and errors in the maintenance and operation of the weapon.
Each one of the listed impacts, as well as their combination, may be the cause of defects, which in this study are searched for on the items
submitted for evaluation details of original and destroyed air gun piston and barrel, showing defect.

Possible defects in the system: piston-cooling jacket occur for various reasons. This system work in severe conditions: heat load; variable gas pressure and mechanical friction, which requires high strength, good wear resistance with limited lubrication and overall high resistance to abrasion, corrosion and other wear.The operation of the cylinder-piston group with insufficient or poor quality oil is the most common cause of overheating or engine blockage. Seizing of one or more pistons leads to major engine repairs or even scrappin g. Damaged fuel injectors, inaccurate injection or ignition timing can also cause the mechanism to melt or puncture. Therefore, it is essential to identify the exact causes of defects in the system and look for ways to prevent them.
Studied details were functioned under the identical conditions of good lubrication and no overheating. The reason, apart from the ones mentioned above, which led to their destruction, has been established.