International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The stages of the life cycle of complex technical products, such as tractors and self-propelled agricultural machinery, are examined. The need to correct /extend/ the period between repairs of individual aggregates and nodes is justified.
For this purpose, a corrective expression was derived for determining the economically expedient extension of the between-repair period of the machine elements, which takes into account the economic effect of extending the repair period, the relative share of the costs of purchasing replacement units and the set value of the confidence probability of the resource of the aggregates.

The article proposes a classification based on the method of movement of the working parts of the planting apparatus, which identifies three groups of transplanting machines: with the movement of the working parts in a vertical plane, a horizontal plane, and a combined method. The speed of planting seedlings depends on the following main factors: the frequency m of seedling supply, the planting step l, the design of the planting apparatus with seedling holders, the condition of the planting material, as well as the experience and skill of the planting operators. Feeding seedlings into seedling holders or cups of the planting apparatus is limited by the physical capabilities of a person, namely the number of seedlings fed per minute or frequency m. Thus, in order to increase the speed Vm of seedling planting, it is necessary to increase the frequency m of seedling supply. The speed of planting seedlings into cups or seedling holders (the frequency m) actually determines the maximum operating speed of the transplanting machine.
The study of the technological process of operation of a transplanting machine, as well as a phase analysis of the working process of a carousel-type transplanting machine, makes it possible to better understand ways to improve the design of the machine and its working parts and will make it possible to obtain important decisions on increasing the speed. As a result of a theoretical study of the technological process of a carousel-type transplanting machine, a relationship was obtained between various factors on which the maximum operating speed of planting seedlings depends.

The article identifies the main current problems of walnut cultivation technology and analyzes of existing technologies and machines for harvesting fruits, including nut crops.
As a result of the research, the main directions for improving the technology of growing walnuts by improving the technological and technical parameters of the design of machines and equipment for harvesting walnuts were proposed and hypotheses were put forward for their improvement, in particular, a machine equipped with a bar for shaking fruits and a catcher, which is designed to collect fruits and partial destruction of the green pericarp of the walnut fruit.

The main disadvantages of transplanting machine are presented in the article and the mathematical modeling of the operating system of the carousel type transplanting machine with a new method of calculation of the design parameters of the system is proposed. As a result of theoretical research of the operating system of carousel type transplanting machine the rule of motion of the point F and the mathematical model for determining initial velocity V0 of the falling seedling have been obtained.