International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Current diagnostic approaches, although widely applied, often fail to identify defects at the earliest stages of their development. This limitation not only reduces operational efficiency but also results in unplanned downtime, costly repairs, and increased risks to both personnel and the environment. Unlike conventional techniques, AE enables real-time detection of microstructural changes associated with defect initiation and provides valuable information about their severity and rate of progression. Obtained results confirm that the AE method allows reliable identification of early-stage defects, enabling the prediction of their further development and the assessment of the technical condition of critical engine components. These findings demonstrate that AE-based monitoring can serve as an effective diagnostic and prognostic tool, enhancing the safety, energy and environmental efficiency. The study involved placing AE sensors on specific areas of the engine. The engine was then operated in various modes, with the AE system recording AE signals. The results were analyzed (express analysis) to identify the sources of the AE signals.

The subject of the article is the planning and comprehensive preparation of an experiment for monitoring the condition of a satellite’s structure under vacuum conditions modelled using a space environment simulator. Simulating the space environment is essential for verifying the performance of materials, structural components and equipment prior to their actual launch. Such testing makes it possible to confirm the correctness of material selection, the accuracy of engineering calculations and the validity of technical decisions made during the design phase. The behaviour of materials under vacuum, extreme temperatures, sharp thermal fluctuations, and exposure to cosmic radiation may differ significantly from their performance under standard operating conditions on Earth.

The study of the acoustic properties of a pipeline section was conducted in accordance with standards regulating acoustic emission testing of pressure vessels and related activities. To achieve this objective, an experiment was performed to emit acoustic signals on the surface of the pipeline section. Based on the test results and assessment, corrective measures were prescribed to restore the pipeline to optimal operational condition. A multi-channel acoustic system was utilized to carry out the tests on the pipeline section.