International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Experts’ climate models predict a continued trend in global warming over the coming decades. They present climate change as a major challenge to modern society with a clear and complex nature in various aspects – ecological, social, technological, economic and political. The EU’s response to the challenges of climate change and the environment is contained in the Union’s strategic goals and objectives for 2030 with a horizon of 2050, agreed in the Green Deal and the Digital Compass of the European Union.
The purpose of this report is to present the state of environmental indicators for Bulgaria and the region and the role of natural carbon sinks for their improvement.

Despite the efforts of the world community to limit global warming by reducing the greenhouse gas emissions emitted by societies, studies show that the levels continue to rise, and this hides a number of consequences for people’s lives. The European Union, with its 8% share of generated global emissions, is not among the leaders in emitting harmful greenhouse gases, but it is among the leaders in pursuing a systematic and strict policy of climate neutrality. A European Climate Act for a green transition was introduced in 2021, setting a binding target for EU countries of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, with an intermediate target of 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. The purpose of this report is to follow the policy of the Union, the state and trends in the field of energy from renewable sources and energy efficiency and the participation of Bulgaria in the progress towards achieving the set goals.

The introduction of digital technologies into modern life has turned e-commerce into a global industry, having a significant impact on the logistics sector and supply chain management. The Covid-19 pandemic has contributed to the rapid growth of online commerce, creating additional challenges for companies in the logistics sector. The purpose of this report is to examine the trend in the development of e-commerce and its relationship with the logistics sector. The results of a study related to the differences in costs in electronic and traditional commerce are presented.

After the adoption of the European Green Pact aimed at achieving the sustainability of the Union’s economy, industrial enterprises are faced with the challenge of creating and implementing eco-innovations aimed at achieving the goals set in the Pact. Considering that the innovation activity is a complex, expensive and risky process, for a large part of the enterprises there is the possibility of taking advantage of the possibilities of technological transfer of eco-innovations. The purpose of this report is to present the essence, characteristics and main forms of transfer of eco-innovations.The results show that the development and implementation of eco-innovations can be a complex, expensive and risky process that requires knowledge, effort and many activities that are beyond the power of every enterprise. This necessitates cooperation as a form of reducing costs and achieving a better economic effect

Protecting the environment is vital to keeping life on the planet as we know it. Climate change is a global challenge with a clear complex nature in various aspects – environmental, social, technological, economic and political. At the international and national level, climate change policy is implemented mainly in two directions: 1. climate change mitigation through measures and activities to reduce greenhouse gases and 2. adaptation to the inevitable climate change by assessing risks and mitigation activities of their imp act. Implementing these policies requires investment in new technologies and the integration of climate challenges into green sectoral policies at national and local levels.The purpose of this report is to study the state of environmental indicators for Bulgaria and their development dynamics over the last decade. The results reveal the sectors with the strongest influence on the ecological condition of the country an d the directions for its improvement.

The bioeconomy, as a complementary segment of the circular economy, encompasses all sectors and systems that rely on biological and environmental resources, their functions and principles. It can lead to the discovery of new opportunities to provide food, goods and energy without depleting the planet’s limited biological resources. It can turn algae into fuel, recycle plastics, produce furniture or clothing from waste, and create organic fertilizers from industrial waste products. It has the potential to create over a million new “green jobs” by 2030. Bio-sector enterprises play a key role in accelerating the achievement of the UN’s global goals. They contribute to reducing climate change and waste, creating new jobs and building sustainable development in a modern society. Corporate social responsibility is a concept that reflects the quality of the relationship between an organization and society. According to the European Commission’s Green Paper, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is “a concept that serves companies as a basis for voluntarily integrating social and environmental aspects into their business strategies and relationships with all stakeholders.”
The purpose of this report is to examine how the principles of corporate social responsibility affect biosector enterprises in Bulgaria and the adequacy of the country’s policy to engage them to adopt global goals for sustainable development. The results of the study show that CSR is not seen as a one-time act, but as a sustainable process, helping to balance the three pillars of sustainable development – economic growth, social development and environmental protection.

Growing environmental problems and the uneven distribution of wealth around the world raised questions more than forty years ago about how to achieve sustainability. The United Nations Commission on the Environment and Development (WCED), formed in the autumn of 1983 and chaired by Gru Harlem Bruntland, draws accurate and concrete conclusions using full information from all over the world on the state of the planet and develops a report called “Our Common Future”. Along with all the conclusions and recommendations, the Bruntland report introduces the concept of “sustainable development” which reads: Sustainable is a development that achieves the vital needs of the current generation without being deprived of it (ie without The leading aspect in this definition is the idea of reconciling the satisfaction of human needs with the limited resources, as well as the equality between the present and the future generations. The report demonstrates the need for a radical change in human activity to date and the need to establish sustainable development on a global scale. The conference in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in 1992 played a crucial role in affirming the concept of sustainable development in modern society. combining the harmonious interaction between economic prosperity, social justice and a preserved environment. The purpose of this report is to present the results of a study on the degree of maturity of management in bio-sector enterprises to adopt global sustainable development goals and link them to their business practices.The results of the present study confirm the thesis that the modification of the current socio-economic model of development there is no alternative. The main non-reproducible energy and raw materials sources are about to run out in the foreseeable future.