International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The objective of this study is to develop a system for recording and processing acoustic emission signals. The research focuses on designing cost-effective experimental equipment for investigating acoustic emission processes under laboratory conditions, with the capability of being reconfigured for specific applications depending on loading conditions and methods, material properties, environmental conditions, etc. A laboratory rig for recording and analysing acoustic emission data has been developed and experimentally tested. This paper presents the system’s block diagram and its operational algorithm. Furthermore, the correlation between the results of statistical processing of the recorded data and the physical characteristics of the input signals is demonstrated using model acoustic signals, incorporating various components of the developed rig.

The study of the acoustic properties of a pipeline section was conducted in accordance with standards regulating acoustic emission testing of pressure vessels and related activities. To achieve this objective, an experiment was performed to emit acoustic signals on the surface of the pipeline section. Based on the test results and assessment, corrective measures were prescribed to restore the pipeline to optimal operational condition. A multi-channel acoustic system was utilized to carry out the tests on the pipeline section.

An important aspect in organizing acoustic emission monitoring is the analysis of recorded data and selecting useful information. Despite noise suppression using frequency methods, its quantity in the recorded information can reach 99% because the process of degradation during operation typically progresses slowly, whereas the presence of acoustic noise is an inherent attribute of the technological process.
Noise suppression after data recording is carried out within the framework of the monitoring system’s software, although filtering algorithms may be specific to each application.

The probability of flying safely in an adverse event situation is related to the probability of being hit and surviving it. Assessing the hazard of adverse events is an important task in aviation accident prevention. The correct quantitative determination of the potential danger of an event allows timely and targeted development of preventive measures: the introduction of new or improvement of old technology, training in actions under certain conditions, etc.

Acoustic emission (AE) is the process of emission of mechanical waves by materials caused by dynamic local restructuring of its internal structure under the influence of stresses of any kind. The source of AE is plastic deformation, the formation and growth of cracks, the outflow of a working fluid (liquid or gas) through holes. The AE method, unlike other methods of non-destructive testing (NDT), is passive, i.e. using the physical field of emission generated by the defects themselves. The acoustic emission (AE) method is based on the registration and analysis of acoustic waves arising in the process of plastic deformation and fracture (crack growth) of diagnostic objects. It makes possible to determine the places where the structure of the material changes when lightning strikes the covering of the elevating rudder for the composite laminate from which the elevating rudder of the RRJ aircraft is made.