International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Agrochemical services for agricultural production have one of the main components related to the application of mineral fertilizers to the soil. Therefore, it is an important factor in significantly increasing the yield of crops. At the same time, not only the types of mineral fertilizers used and the dose of their application have a significant impact on the yield, but also the machines and devices that apply them. The Ukrainian Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture (UNDIMESG) began to study this scientific and technical problem in depth in the middle of the last century. One of the founders of this area of scientific and design activity is rightfully considered to be Candidate of Technical Sciences, Honored Agricultural Engineer of Ukraine, a student of Academician Petro Vasylenko – Sokolov V. M. But from the very beginning of his work at UNDIMESGU, this scientist worked fruitfully in the field of soil cultivation, carefully studying the coulter systems of seeders, active milling cultivators, and developing designs for tractor trailers, including spreaders and distributors of agricultural materials. Later, these developments were used to create mineral fertilizer spreaders, when the institute had already established a scientific laboratory for the application of mineral fertilizers and chemical ameliorants. Since then, the scientific school created by V. Sokolov has successfully researched these processes of agrochemical maintenance, which made it possible to create new theories that are recognized worldwide, to obtain a large number of patents for inventions in Ukraine, and to develop and implement numerous designs of machines for applying mineral fertilizers into mass production. This scientific research and the first design developments that began almost 70 years ago at UNDIMESGU still bear the marks of that thorough approach, when everything that is researched must be implemented in modern high-tech agriculture.

A new approach for analyzing the content and structural units of modern lectures in a higher educational institution is presented. The requirements that should be presented to the lecture in order for it to meet its modern purpose in the continuous education of students have been analyzed. It is quite natural that individual lectures from certain disciplines may not meet all the listed requirements at the same time. However, any lecture should satisfy the educational, developmental and educational functions as much as possible.

Together with the foundation of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in 1898, it was introduced at its Agricultural Department to teach the academic discipline “Mechanics in Adaptation to Agriculture”, which will be called “Agricultural Mechanics” in the future. Three years later, that is, in 1902, students of this department began to study this subject, having previously studied the subject “Elementary Mechanics” at the beginning of the III year. Soon, after a period of time, the students of the Mechanical Department began to study a subject called “Agricultural Mechanical Engineering”. It was from 1906–1908 that students of both departments began to carry out socalled “Special projects” in agricultural engineering during their studies, and in the following years to carry out diploma projects dedicated to this area of science and study. The teaching of the specified subjects, as well as the students’ careful study of real agricultural machines and tools that worked in the field at the Kyiv Machine Testing Station at the Polytechnic Institute (the students even took part in the tests themselves) and gives grounds for the assertion that the organization of training specialists in in the field of agricultural engineering began at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute at the indicated times.

The introduction of a testing system for agricultural machinery and implements, from the very beginning of the emergence of this research and production industry, is possible only with the establishment of a machine testing station, which reproduces the full cycle of crop cultivation. To do this, it is necessary to have appropriate land plots where crops are grown and subsequently tested, appropriate management personnel (agronomist and ordinary workers) and traction vehicles, i.e. horses. It is mandatory to have measuring instruments and various measuring equipment that can be used by scientists, testers and engineers during the tests. They should carry out preparatory work on the adaptation, adjustment, calibration and use of these devices. The next necessary condition is also the methodology for conducting the tests and processing the results of these measurements. The first testing station for agricultural machinery and implements in Ukraine that met these requirements was founded, established and began to operate successfully in Kharkiv, namely at the Kharkiv Practical Technological Institute in 1889.

The article considers the direction in pedagogical science, which studies the methods and technology of teaching disciplines that provide effective assimilation of generalized professional knowledge, formation of general engineering skills and abilities. The article considers the methodology of teaching general engineering disciplines – a direction in pedagogical science, which studies the principles, content, methods, means and forms of organization of educational process for the study of general engineering disciplines, providing effective assimilation of generalized professional knowledge, the formation of general engineering skills and abilities. Methodology of teaching general engineering disciplines is a direction in pedagogical science that studies the principles, content, methods, means and forms of organization of educational and teaching process for the study of general engineering disciplines, providing effective assimilation of generalized professional knowledge, formation of general engineering skills and abilities. Teaching methodology is closely related to the relevant science, as teaching should reflect the features of this science, its content and research methods. And yet it is impossible to derive the main provisions of the subject methodology from a certain field of science, reflecting the given training subject. These are qualitatively different sciences. Methodology of a particular subject is connected not only with a particular scientific branch, but also with philosophy, pedagogy, didactics, psychology, logic, physiology. The difference between teaching methodology and the corresponding science predetermines different methods of research. In methodological research, along with theoretical analysis of problems, the study of teachers’ and lecturers’ work experience, pedagogical observation and pedagogical experiment play a great role. As a result, one of the fundamental principles of teaching special disciplines in agricultural engineering training is the synthesis of fundamental general scientific and technical knowledge. In the process of teaching through certain methods and means of teacher’s and students’ activity there is a selection, interrelation and synthesis of concepts describing different levels of representation of generalized technical objects, technological processes. The second methodological principle is the holistic representation of technical objects and modern technologies of the studied industries in the training material. In this case, the training itself can be based on the wide use of so-called SMARTtechnologies, i.e. interactive learning complexes that will allow to create, edit and distribute multimedia training materials both in classroom and out-of-classroom time. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the methodology of teaching general engineering disciplines to students, future engineers of agrarian production, aimed at the formation and development of different levels and types of professional competencies of students. The study of the methodology of modern technologies implementation in the educational process.

The article presents a study of the development of agricultural mechanics in Ukraine based on the coverage of scientific works in the areas of research of its patriarch, academician of VASGNIL, academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Professor Petro Vasylenko. The article analyzes not only his personal scientific works, but also the research of his immediate students. Academician Petro Vasylenko is known far beyond the borders of Ukraine for his fundamental research not only in agricultural mechanics, but also in the theory and methods of calculation of tillage,
sowing, grain harvesting and beet harvesting machines, as well as in the dynamics and stability of agricultural machinery. Petro Vasylenko was also awarded the highest award in the field of agricultural mechanics, the V.P. Goryachkin Gold Medal, for his outstanding scientific contribution to the development of the theory and practice of agricultural mechanics and for the creation of a scientific school. This award was given only to outstanding scientists with a worldwide reputation who enriched the treasury of scientific knowledge with fundamental works in the field of agricultural engineering aspects of agriculture.