International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

In nowadays, reducing emissions of the nitrogen oxide (NOx) in diesel engines become a principal goal for the future. The new technology Lean NOx Trap (LNT, is also known like NOx adsorber catalyst (NAC) or NOx Storage and Reduction (NSR) catalyst) can be applied on passenger cars, light and heavy-duty diesel engines to reduce NOx emissions substantially. The NOx emissions are absorbed onto a catalyst during lean engine operation. After the catalyst is saturated, the system is regenerated in short periods of fuel rich operation during which NOx is catalytically reduced. This paper presents a literature review about the function and importance of LNT as the new aftertreatment exhaust system for reducing the NOx emissions of the new generation of diesel engines.

One of the primary incentives for expanding the production and use of biofuels worldwide is the potential environmental benefit that can be obtained from replacing petroleum fuels with fuels derived from renewable biomass resources. The use of straight vegetable oil in diesel engines is one of the available alternatives, but its use in existing vehicles usually requires modification of engine or fuel system components. The increased viscosity, low volatility, and poor cold flow properties of vegetable oils lead to severe engine deposits, injector coking, and piston ring sticking. The paper presents a literature review on vegetable oils as alternative fuel for diesel engines.

Today, there is a significant interest in alternative energy sources for vehicles, as a result of continuous concern for the environmental impact and for consumption of the primary energy sources, which are limited. Diesel engines present particularly significant emission like nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, hydrocarbons and black smoke. This paper present a literature review on some alternative fuels for diesel engines, as pure plant oil, biodiesel and compressed natural gas, and their impact on diesel engine emissions.