THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SECURITY
ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTECHNOLOGIES: THE QUEST FOR SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SECURITY
- 1 Faculty of Economics and Management – Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic
Abstract
Neurotechnologies are devices that by integrated technical (neurostimulation, neuromodulation, and neuroimaging) means change activity of the human brain. There are many different types of neurotechnologies, such as neural-control interfaces, brain-machine interfaces, direct neural interfaces, auditory brainstem implants, retinal implants, predictive brain implants, deep brain stimulators, transcranial stimulators. These devices can in various degrease monitor, coordinate and alternate brain activity and therefore neurotechnologies could fundamentally change the future of relationship between humans and technology. The article proposes new conceptual ramifications of neurotechnological devices, examines history of neurotechnological devices and points to possible threats and dangers of neurotechnologies for social and personal security.
Keywords
References
- Wojnarowska-Szpucha S., Social security determinants, Security & Future, 2 (4), 2018, pp.158-162.
- Miocinovic, S., Somayajula, S., Chitinis, S., Viterk, J. L., History, applications, and mechanisms of deep brain stimulation, Journal of the American Medical Association neurology, 70 (2), 2013, pp. 163-173.
- Popovych, O. V., Tass, P. A., Control of Abnormal Synchronization in Neurological Disorders, Frontiers in neurology, 5 (268), 2014.
- Odorčák, J., Hĺbková mozgová stimulácia, identita a perdurantizmus, Filozofia, 69 (6), 2014, pp. 472-481.
- Gardner, J., A history of deep brain stimulation: Technological innovation and the role of clinical assessment tools, Social Studies of Science, 43 (5), 2013, pp. 707–728.
- Odorčák, J., Neuroadministratívné zariadenia a autonómia subjektu, Filozofia, 73 (6), 2018, pp. 449-457
- De Ridder, D., Langguth, B., Plazier, M., Menovsky, T., Moral Dysfunction: Theoretical Model and Potential Neurosurgical Treatments. In: Verplaetse, J., De Schrijver, J., Vanneste, S., Braeckman J., (eds.) The Moral Brain. Essays on the Evolutionary and Neuroscientific Aspects of Morality, New York: Springer, 2009, pp. 155-183.
- Valuch, J. M., Neurotechnologie, mozek a souvislosti, Praha: Galaxy, 2006.
- Radulov, N., Artificial intelligence and security. Security 4.0, Security & Future, 3 (1), 2019, pp. 3-5.
- Bobryk, J., Transhumanizm, coginitive science I wyzwania, Studia Socjologiczne, 3 (214), 2014, pp. 9-27.
- Klinec I., Transhumanizmus. Budúcnosť človeka v 21. Storočí. (Available online) http://www.akademickyrepozitar.sk/sk/repozitar/transhumanizmus-study-text.pdf
- Odorčák, J., Kritika transhumanistickej kritiky Friedricha Nietzscheho, Filozofia, 65 (6), 2010, pp. 552-556.
- Musk, E., An integrated brain-machine interface platform with thousands of channels, BioRxiv, 2019. (Available online) https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/703801v1
- Facebook, Imagining a new interface: Hands-free communication without saying a word. (Available online) https://tech.fb.com/imagining-a-new-interface-hands-free-communication-without-saying-a-word/
- Emotive, The Introductory Guide to BCI, (Brain-Computer Interface). (Available online) https://www.emotiv.com/bci-guide/
- Miranda, R. A., Casebeer W. D, Hein A. M., Judy J. W., Krotkov E. P., Laabs T. L, Manzo J. E., Pankratz, K. G, Pratt, G. A, Sanchez, J. C, Weber, D. J., Wheeler T. L., Ling G. S., DARPA-funded efforts in the development of novel brain-computer interface technologies, Neurosci. Methods, 244, 2015, pp. 52-67.
- Bauernfeind, G., Brunner, C., Müller-Putz, G., Steensel, M., Otal, B., Pichiorri, F., Schettini, F., Real, R., Blefari, M., Höhne, J., Poel, M., D1.4 - BNCI Horizon 2020 – Roadmap, 2015.
- Vinge, V., The Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive in the Post-Human Era, In: Landis, G. A. (ed.) Vision-21: Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in the Era of Cyberspace, NASA Publication CP-10129, 1993, pp. 11-22.
- Odorčák, J., Kopírovanie zabíja identitu osoby, Filozofia, 70, (5), 2015, pp. 367-377.
- Mráz, M., Urbanovičová, O., Findura, P., Prístavka, M., Use of information systems to support decision making according to analysis machines, Mechanization in agriculture & Conserving of the resources, 65 (2), (2019), pp. 59-62.
- Szyłkowska, M., Human factor in the proliferation of threats, Security & Future, 2 (2), 2018, Issue, pp. 55-57.