Industry 4.0
Vol. 7 (2022), Issue 1, pg(s) 36-41

SOCIETY & ”INDUSTRY 4.0”

The evolution of albedo values of the Earth-atmosphere system under the influence of carbon dioxide pollutant concentrations

  • 1 University ―Pr. Assen Zlatarov‖, Burgas Faculty of Real Sciences, Department of Physics and Mathematics

Abstract

The current state of the unique atmosphere-Earth system is influenced both by the composition of constituent gases in the atmosphere and by the accumulation of polluting gases as a result of human anthropogenic activity. A number of scientific forums have found empirically that the anthropogenic accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leads to a further increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere due to of the increasing of the green-house effect. The processes of photosynthesis consume amounts of carbon dioxide with the subsequent restoration of the necessary oxygen in the atmosphere. At the current stage, the situation is characterized by a decrease in the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere due to of its great consumption for the burning of fuels used in various industrial fields. The result of the burning of fuels leads to excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The deforestation processes of the terrestrial surfaces decrease the global process of photosynthesis and respectively the amount of oxygen decreases. Deforestation has another negative effect on the ecosystem in general, such as increasing the albedo values of the Earth’s surface. Ocean water also has albedo values that increase over time due to of the accumulation of carbon dioxide absorbed by ocean water. The albedo values are described by an empirical expression suggested in this study. This empirical expression is based on the heat calorimetric method which includes the amount of solar energy together with the energy supplement accumulated in the atmosphere due to of the anthropogenic activity as well as the thermal emission model of the Earth’s “absolutely black body”. as the result of the increase of the atmospheric temperature due to of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the albedo values are calculated over time and their subsequent increase is ascertained. Finally, knowing the albedo values, the values of the effective temperature of the Earth’s surface are calculated which decreases over time. The linear decrease of the thermal emission energy is demonstrated depending on Earth’s albedo values. It is shown that the degree of darkness (dimming) of Earth depends on more and higher values of the infrared wavelength of the emitted thermal energy.

Keywords

References

  1. Goode, P. R.; et al. (2001). "Earthshine Observations of the Earth's Reflectance". Geophysical Research Letters. 28 (9): 1671– 674. Bibcode:2001 HYPERLINK "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001GeoRL..28.1671G"GeoRL.. HYPERLINK "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001GeoRL..28.1671G"28.1671 G. doi:10.1029/2000GL012580.
  2. "Thermodynamics | Thermodynamics: Albedo | National Snow and Ice Data HYPERLINK "https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html"Center HYPERLINK "https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html"". nsidc. org. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  3. Pon, Brian (30 June 1999). "Pavement Albedo". Heat Island Group. Archived from the original on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2007.
  4. Alan K. Betts; John H. Ball (1997). "Albedo over the boreal forest". Journal of Geophysical Research. 102 (D24): 28, 901–28,
  5. "The Climate System". Manchester Metropolitan University. Archived from the original on 1 March 2003. Retrieved 11 November 2007.
  6. Tom Markvart; Luis CastaŁżer (2003). Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics: Fundamentals and Applications. Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-85617-390-2.
  7. Chemical practise, https://web.viu.ca/krogh/chem302/CHEM.pdf
  8. "Специальный доклад МГЭИК об изменении климата, опустынивании, деградации земель, устойчивом управлении земельными ресурсами, продовольственной безопасности и потоках парниковых газов в наземных экосистемах",
  9. Межправительственная группа экспертов по изменению климата, 2020. Электронные версии этого Резюме для политиков имеются на веб-сайте МГЭИК по ссылке: www.ipcc.chISBN 978-92-9169-454-9, SRCCLHYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"_ HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"SPMHYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"_ HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"ruHYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf". HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"pdf HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf" ( HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"ipcc HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf". HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf"ch HYPERLINK "https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/06/SRCCL_S PM_ru.pdf")
  10. Hannah Ritchie, Max Roser, "Deforestation and Forest Loss", https://ourworldindata.org/deforestation
  11. Albedo effect, https://leftytimber.wixsite.com/albedo-effect
  12. Kushnir, Y. (2000). Solar Radiation and the Earth’s Energy Balance. Published on The Climate System, complete online course material from the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at ColumbiaUniversity. Accessed December 12, 2008.
  13. The Sun’s impact on the Earth, The Sun’s impact on the Earth | World Meteorological Organization (wmo.int)
  14. Climate and Earth’s Energy Budget (nasa.gov)
  15. www.researchgate.net/publication/355779654_THE_INFLUENCE _OF_THE_ANTHROPOGENIC_CONCENTRATION_OF_THE_ ATMOSPHERIC_CARBON_DIOXIDE_ON_THE_AVERAGE_G LOBAL_VALUE_OF_EARTH'S_ALBEDO
  16. Calculating Planetary Energy Balance & Temperature
  17. https://scied.ucar.edu/earth-system/planetary-energy-balance-temperature-calculate
  18. M. ABDEL WAHAB, H. M. HASANEAN,―Association between longwave radiation and planetary albedo‖, Atmósfera, vol.13 no.4 Ciudad de México oct. 2000, ISSN 0187- 6236
  19. Climate and Earth’s Energy Budget, https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/EnergyBalance
  20. Feynman, R; Leighton, R; Sands, M. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, vol. 1, pp. 35-2 – 35-3. ISBN 0201510030.
  21. Mustapha Meftah, Thomas Boutéraon,Christophe Dufour, Alain Hauchecorne, Philippe Keckhut, Adrien Finance, Slimane Bekki, Sadok Abbaki, Emmanuel Bertran, Luc Damé, Jean-Luc Engler, Patrick Galopeau, Pierre Gilbert, Laurent Lapauw, Alain Sarkissian, André-Jean Vieau, Patrick Lacroix, Nicolas Caignard, Xavier Arrateig, Odile Hembise Fanton d’Andon, Antoine Mangin, Jean-Paul Carta, Fabrice Boust, Michel Mahé, Christophe Mercier, ―The UVSQ-SAT/INSPIRESat-5 CubeSat Mission: First In-Orbit Measurements of the Earth’s Outgoing Radiation‖, Remote Sensing | Free Full-Text | The UVSQ-SAT/INSPIRESat-5 CubeSat Mission: First In-Orbit Measurements of the Earth’s Outgoing Radiation | HTML (mdpi.com)
  22. Global dimming,
  23. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/tvradio/programmes/horizon/dimmin g_trans.shtml
  24. LIZZY ROSENBERG, "Our Planet Is Getting Darker Due to Global Dimming — Here's What That Means", FEB. 23 2021,https://www.greenmatters.com/p/global-dimming
  25. "Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists". NASA. 2007-03-15.
  26. Rosenfeld, Daniel; Zhu, Yannian; Wang, Minghuai; Zheng, Youtong; Goren, Tom; Yu, Shaocai (2019). "Aerosol-driven droplet concentrations dominate coverage and water of oceanic HYPERLINK "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/92390/2/aav0566_Rosenfeld_S M.pdf"low level HYPERLINK "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/92390/2/aav0566_Rosenfeld_S M.pdf" clouds" (PDF). Science. 363 (6427):
  27. Kostel, Ken; Oh, Clare (2006-04-14). "Could Reducing Global Dimming Mean a Hotter, Dryer World?". Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory News. Archived from the original on 2016-03- 03. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
  28. Pan, Bowen; Wang, Yuan; Hu, Jiaxi; Lin, Yun; Hsieh, Jen- Shan; Logan, Timothy; Feng, Xidan; Jiang, Jonathan H.; Yung, Yuk L.; Zhang, Renyi (2018). "Sahara dust may make you cough, but it's a storm killer". Journal of Climate. 31 (18): 7621– 7644. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0776.1

Article full text

Download PDF