BUSINESS & “INDUSTRY 4.0”
Implementing the Industry 4.0 concept in family firms – a case study from Poland
- 1 Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland
Abstract
Family firms constitute an important element of the modern economy, combining the values of tradition, intergenerational continuity, and social responsibility. Their activities are often characterized by a conservative approach to strategic decision-making and a cautious attitude toward innovation. However, in the face of increasing global competition and rapid technological change, maintaining a sustainable market position requires openness to digital transformation and the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept. Industry 4.0 represents a new paradigm of business activity, combining digital technologies and the Internet with conventional manufacturing processes, in order to enhance their efficiency and flexibility. The aim of this paper is to analyze the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept in a medium-sized family enterprise located in north-eastern Poland. Over its more than forty-year history, the company has undergone a profound transformation from a manufacturer of simple metal products and agricultural tools, through a producer of cable connectors for the shipbuilding industry, to a specialized supplier of components for the aviation, automotive, and railway sectors. In recent years, the company, supported by grants from European Union funds, has established an R&D department as well as a Center for Robotics and Automation, forming the foundation of its digital transformation process. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions has contributed to strengthening the company’s competitive position and facilitating its expansion into international markets. The key determinants of success were effective intergenerational succession, the pro-innovative attitudes of family members, and cooperation with universities and research entities.
Keywords
References
- M. Szczepkowska, K. Kozioł-Nadolna, Family business governance w dużych przedsiębiorstwach rodzinnych w Polsce. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego (2025).
- E. Więcek-Janka, N. Chochołowska, W. Zarówna, P. Gralińska, Scientometric analysis of Industry 4.0, Engineer 4.0 and Manager 4.0. Management and Production Engineering Review, 15(1), 126-139 (2024).
- T. Leppaaho, P. Ritala, Surviving the coronavirus pandemic and beyond: unlocking family firms' potential across crises. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 13(1), 100440 (2022).
- M. Gil, K. Thor, A. Gemheden, Managing the tensions between tradition an innovation in family firms. Journal of Family Business Management (to be published).
- A. Sanders, C. Elangeswaran, J. Wulfsberg, Industry 4.0 implies lean manufacturing: research activities in Industry 4.0 function as enablers for lean manufacturing. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 9(3), 811–833 (2016).
- P. Neirotti, A. Ricci, M. Tubiana, Industry 4.0 digital technologies and international performance: The role of family management in Italian firms. International Journal of Production Economics (to be published).
- J. Basl, Pilot study of readiness of Czech companies to implement the principles of Industry 4.0. Management and Production Engineering Review, 8(2), 3–8 (2017).
- M. Cucculelli, I. Dileo, M. Pini, Filling the void of family leadership: institutional support to business model changes in the Italian Industry 4.0 experience. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 47(1), 213-241 (2022).
- S. Appleton, M. Mismetti, D. Matt, A. De Massis, Unpacking willingness in family firms facing the digital transformation. Small Business Economics (to be published).
- Lin, J. Shyu, K. Ding, A cross-strait comparision of innovation policy under Industry 4.0 and sustainability development transition. Sustainability, 9(5), 786 (2017).
- Y. Lu, Industry 4.0: a survey on Technologies, applications and open research issues. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 6, 1–10 (2017).
- J. Muller, O. Buliga, K. Voigt, The role of absorptive capacity and innovation strategy in the design of industry 4.0 business models. A comparison between SMEs and large enterprises. European Management Journal, 39(3), 333-343 (2020).
- E. Włodarczyk, Industry 4.0. The Role of IIoT in Digital Transformation of the Manufacturing Sector. White Paper (2022). https://www.hannovermesse.de/apollo/hannover_messe_2022/obs/B inary/A1159446/1159446_03236388.pdf
- S. Appleton, M. Beltrami, M. Mismetti, G. Orzes, A. De Massis, D. Matt, Industry 4.0 in family firms. In: D. Matt, R.Vidoni, E. Rauch, P. Dallasega (eds.), Managing and Implementing the Digital Transformation (177-188). Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Industrial Engineering and Automation (ISIEA). Springer (2022).
- J. Klimek, Inteligentny rozwój firmy rodzinnej a współczesne wartości. Wydawnictwo Difin (2019).
- P. Morales, A. Haique, E. Cortez, L. Filippa, R. Adra, Determining factors in the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Argentine SMEs. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, 19(1), 66-77 (2024).
- M. Pini, Family management and Industry 4.0: Different effects in different geographical areas? An analysis of the less developed regions in Italy. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 15(3), 73-102 (2019).
- M. Mikusova, K. Stanovska, Generations, technology and socioemotional wealth: a study of Czech family businesses. Journal of Family Business Management, 15(4), 876-903 (2025).
- A. Maseda, T. Iturralde, U. Arzubiaga, Unpacking the role of entrepreneurial orientation in the digital transformation of family SMEs. The importance of leadership structure and generational involvement. Technology Forecasting and Social Change, 219, 124248 (2025).
- F. Cesaroni, G. Diaz, A. Sentuti, Family firms and innovation from founder to successor. Administrative Sciences, 11(2), 54 (2021).
- A. Merono-Cerdan, Unity or commitment: A generational view of innovation in family firms. European Management Review, 21(1), 166-185 (2024).
- R. Yin, Case study research: Design and methods. Sage Publication (2014).