International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Current diagnostic approaches, although widely applied, often fail to identify defects at the earliest stages of their development. This limitation not only reduces operational efficiency but also results in unplanned downtime, costly repairs, and increased risks to both personnel and the environment. Unlike conventional techniques, AE enables real-time detection of microstructural changes associated with defect initiation and provides valuable information about their severity and rate of progression. Obtained results confirm that the AE method allows reliable identification of early-stage defects, enabling the prediction of their further development and the assessment of the technical condition of critical engine components. These findings demonstrate that AE-based monitoring can serve as an effective diagnostic and prognostic tool, enhancing the safety, energy and environmental efficiency. The study involved placing AE sensors on specific areas of the engine. The engine was then operated in various modes, with the AE system recording AE signals. The results were analyzed (express analysis) to identify the sources of the AE signals.

The objective of this study is to develop a system for recording and processing acoustic emission signals. The research focuses on designing cost-effective experimental equipment for investigating acoustic emission processes under laboratory conditions, with the capability of being reconfigured for specific applications depending on loading conditions and methods, material properties, environmental conditions, etc. A laboratory rig for recording and analysing acoustic emission data has been developed and experimentally tested. This paper presents the system’s block diagram and its operational algorithm. Furthermore, the correlation between the results of statistical processing of the recorded data and the physical characteristics of the input signals is demonstrated using model acoustic signals, incorporating various components of the developed rig.