International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

In this article, the authors consider the main aspects of climate change`s impact on economical efficiency of leguminous crops production and perspectives in Kazakhstan. It is worth noting that climate change has an impact on the instability of leguminous crops and leads to a decrease in the production efficiency. Ultimately, all of the above determines the relevance and significance of this topic.

Misfortunes bring people together. Wars, the Covid pandemic, pollution of the environment in which we live. According to a report from “Lancet”, nine million people die from pollution every year. The number of deaths from air pollution and chemical pollution has increased by 60% over the past two decades. Climate change took its toll in 2022 as well (floods, fires, earthquakes, drought and heat, melting glaciers). Uncontrolled urbanization and population growth are also causes. The number of people killed and injured in traffic accidents has also increased. It doesn’t have to be driven faster than life.
The war in Ukraine has been going on for a long time. The Russian auto industry will develop without Western partners (“Lada” model). Several of the largest German car manufacturers have decided to padlock their plants in Russia.
During September 2022, a rally was held in Serbia through four cities, Aranđelovac, Topola, Mladenovac and Belgrade. About 50 timeless vehicles visited these cities. There is also a small museum in Arandjelovac where the oldest car is a “Dodge” from 1924, a “Willys” from 1927, a “Chevrolet” from 1928, a “Pontiac” from 1929 and a “Mercedes” from 1934. Passing the Law on Old-timers will contribute to the preservation and increase of this cultural treasure, and it will make registration and acquisition easier for the owners.
In the new 2023. year, representatives of the Independent Trade Union of the “Fiat Chrysler Cars” factory (FCA) in Kragujevac announced on January 9th that they expect preparations for the start of electric vehicle production to continue with greater intensity in the new year. At the same time, the well-known “Tesla” company was fined about 2.2 million dollars, because it did not inform its customers of electric vehicles about the shorter driving range of their electric vehicles at low temperatures. The American electric vehicle maker’s coldweather driving range drops up to 50.5% compared to how they are advertised online (no mention of range loss in sub-zero temperatures).

We are witnessing the massive and impressive penetration of artificial intelligence (AI) into many areas of human activity. This process is expected to intensify in the next few decades. In most technical fields, there will be a preponderance of the so-called narrow artificial intelligence with clearly defined tasks and functions. It is usually a coherent set of neural networks trained to solve specific problems. The advantage of narrow AI is that it is entirely controllable and, at the same time, has excellent capabilities. This publication aims to outline guidelines for applying narrow artificial intelligence in investigating the impact of climate change on transport infrastructure. After a brief introduction to narrow artificial intelligence and climate change, various possible areas suitable for AI modeling are explored. Directions and preparatory tasks for collecting climate-sensitive local data on the condition and changes in the transport infrastructure in Bulgaria necessary for AI training are identified.

Climate change is causing disasters such as floods, whirlwinds, storms, drought, or other extreme weather events that have not yet occurred in certain areas of the world or have not occurred to such an extent and intensity as it is happening now or is predicted in the foreseeable future. Government and, in particular, crisis management system should reflect these facts in order to prepare itself and the population on such events. People should also be interested in preparing for and adapting to these changes and related crisis events. The aim of the article is to examine preparedness of the population in the Slovak Republic and, in particular, to analyse the barriers to climate change adaptation of the population. For the analysis are used the questionnaire survey results on this topic. The initial results indicate the influence of the population by various barriers and factors.

The climatic performance of different ecological areas is determinant for agricultural production and its sustainability. The agriculture is closely related to climatic conditions as climate variability and climate change generate significant ef fects on agriculture. Analysis of climatic behavior of different ecological zones, are important to identify climate variations, but also phenomena related to climate change. The study of climate variations and the phenomena of climate change are important for agricultural activity, in order to adapt agricultural systems, implement mitigation strategies and adaptation to them. Organic farming systems offer the best solution in this regard. The nortthern western lowlands of Albania (Shkodra), is an area with significant agricultural activity and highly diversified, with a great potential for the implementation of organic farming systems. The analysis of the climatic variability of this area and the phenomena of climate change, will contribute to the orientation of agricultural activity towards organic systems in order to better adapt them to climatic variations and increase the sustainability of production.

The current interest in soil awareness is largely due to the increased importance of growing crops in a changing climate. It is characterized by prolonged droughts, followed by short but intense rainfall, often accompanied by strong winds and low temperatures. In a number of situations and due to insufficient information about the condition of the soil and the applied technologies for its treatment, the latter is not able to absorb rainwater, surface water runoff is formed, which exports large amounts of fertile soil and nutrients. An innovative approach is proposed to perform fast and accurate soil tests using its electromagnetic conductivity. A number of physical, chemical and biological properties can be determined by this method.