International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The paper presents the process of automated designing and parametric modeling of grapple buckets using the CAD system. The presented grapple buckets are designed for bulk materials and they are part of the grapple construction. Grapples are installed on cranes, excavators and other specialized machines. A methodology has been developed that covers all stages of design – from the creation of 3D models of the parts, sub-assemblies and assemblies, to the generation of design documentation, using template files. The presented approach allows the creation of parametric models with multiple configurations, which cover different variants of the products. Using the presented methodology leads to a reduction in the volume of created documentation and optimizes the design process. Data management within a PDM system ensures centralized storage, actuality and accessibility of information.

In addition to the universal requirements for handling (lifting and transport) machines (HM), HM for dangerous goods (hot molten metal, containers with chemicals, explosives, etc.) must also meet a number of special requirements. One of these requirements is the drive of the hoisting mechanism with two motors, to ensure in case one of them fails.
The article discusses a reducer for the hoisting mechanism of an overhead crane for dangerous goods with an embedded planetary gear train, allowing both motors to operate at full power (and without overload) in both regular and emergency (in failure) mode. The different modes of work of the mechanism are considered (with both motors and with each one separately). An analysis of the possible kinematic schemes of the planetary gear train is made. The necessary kinematic calculations have been made to select the most suitable variant of the planetary gear train.

The article reviews the requirements for the lifting mechanisms of cranes according to various regulations concerning dangerous goods. Particular attention is paid to these requirements regarding gear trains. Some design solutions for providing microspeed as well as for twin-motor drive are discussed. These arrangements are suitable for both lifting and travel mechanisms. A kinematic analysis was made and recommendations were given to the designers.