International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The article presents a general view of the working body for cleaning the damaged soil layer inside the crater. In order to select an excavator to which the developed working body is attached, and to determine the requirements for the engine, transmission and fuel consumption, a calculation of the energy intensity of cleaning one cubic meter of contaminated damaged soil layer was carried out.

The minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and dry machining operations are two types of environmentally friendly processes that have potentials to replace with conventional cooling methods. In recent years, the studies have been performed on the environmentfriendly lubrication methods such as MQL method in machining operations. These studies have also focused on the usage of vegetable cutting fluids instead of mineral based oils due to increasing awareness to the environment and human health. In this experimental study, Aluminum 6061 was machined under dry and MQL conditions and the cutting force components and surface roughness values were measured. The experiments were carried out by CNC milling machine tool at three different cutting speeds and constant depth of cut and feed. The vegetable cutting fluid was pulverized to the rake face by using single nozzle and double nozzles at two flow rates during MQL milling. Cutting force components and surface roughness values were compared for minimum quantity lubrication and dry milling operations of Aluminum 6061.

Significant number of mechanisms for sheet cutting are already designed and produced. In spite of the fact that all of these mechanisms are suitable for cutting, all of them have some advantages and disadvantages. The aim of the paper is to present a new type of cutting mechanism. It is a crank mechanism with the cutting tool. The geometric and kinematic properties of the mechanism are analyzed. As the result the constraints of the mechanism are defined. The force and torque distribution of the elements of the mechanism is investigated. Based on the known cutting force the necessary input torque of the input element of the mechanism is calculated. In the paper a numerical example is considered. Based on the obtained results the discussion about properties of such mechanisms is given. Besides, the priority for application of such mechanism in comparison to the already known is motivated.

Beet tops harvesting is a complex task of the sugar beet growing industry which forms the qualitative indicators of root crops during their further digging out from the soil and determines the loss of tops and sugar-bearing mass. In the development of theoretical foundations of the optimal tops cutting from heads of sugar beet root by different types of topping working bodies should take into account forces which act at the same time and the rational cutting height. Theoretical researches having been carried out hitherto concerned only the detailed analytical description of the functioning of the new designs of topping working bodies and practically did not concern the general provisions of the separation tops from the head of root crop. The aim of this study is the theoretical determination of the forces that occur at the contact point of cutting working body of topper machines with root crops head of sugar beet root crop. When carrying out theoretical studies are used the methods of mathematics, theoretical mechanics, strength of materials, methods of programming and numerical calculations on PC. As a result, of the theoretical research new analytical dependencies of force describing the processes of crumpling and subsequently cutting of sugar beet heads by topping working body, depending on the size and shape of root crops heads and design parameters of topper have been obtained. As a result, of numerical calculations on PC critical level value of penetration of the cutting element of topping working body into root crops head of sugar beet and maximum value of cutting force at which ejection of root vegetables from the soil doesn’t take place, was defined. The obtained theoretical dependencies and values of normal reaction and cutting forces are the basis for the further working out of a mathematical model of dynamic interaction system of cutting working bodies with the heads of sugar beet.