International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The theoretical and experimental study of stress-strain state and density distribution into the billet at equal-channel angular pressing has been conducted. It has shown clearly that deformation zone takes a substantial volume with dramatic non-uniformity of stress- strain state after the first pass of equal-channel angular pressing at the backpressure of 90 MPa. The presence of turbulence zone that ensures structure fragmentation of material has established by microhardness indentation. A possibility of production of high-density billets after the second pass at the backpressure of 150 MPa with high mechanical properties and more uniform stress-strain state, free of loosening and cracks has presented.

The results of the influence of preliminary thermal-cyclic deformation and subsequent annealing in the range of 100÷900 ºС with a step of 100 ºС on the microstructure, coercive force and linear expansion of hot-rolled sheet steel 10 are presented. It was found that the use of preliminary thermal-cyclic deformation results in increase in coercive force no more than by 8% in comparison with the steel sheet produced by an industrial technology. Decreasing feasibility in coercive force of the sheet steel produced with the use of thermal-cyclic forging almost by 3 times in comparison with the initial raw condition due to the subsequent annealing at 900ºС during 10 h. is shown. In addition, annealing in accordance with this mode reduces a temperature coefficient of linear expansion of a sheet steel on average by 6 % within the range of the test temperatures 50-450 ºС.

The results of the influence of preliminary thermal-cyclic deformation and subsequent hardening heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot-rolled sheet steel 10 are presented. It is shown that the use of preliminary thermal-cyclic deformation of the steel 10 stock material results in a fine-grained structure of a hot-rolled sheet (3 mm thick) produced by an industrial technology. Deformation occurred at a temperature above A_C3 (1250 °C), with cooling to 200-300 °C during 10 cycles and the deformation ratio per cycle being 6-8 %. The magnitude of the overall reduction ratio was 1.90 and the total amount of deformation was 65÷68 %. Such a treatment before sheet hot-rolling allows increasing the strength characteristics (tensile strength, yield strength) by almost 30 %. It has been established that the use of subsequent heat treatment (quenching, 900 °C, water and tempering 1 h, 600 °C) leads to a further increase in strength characteristics by 15-20 % while maintaining a sufficient level of ductility of sheet steel.

The article deals with the investigation of plastic deformations of carburized medium carbon stainless steel after quenching and tempering. After carburization the specimens were heated at 1020 °C temperature and then air quenched. At the process of air quenching the specimens were bent within the temperature dropping interval approximately from 550 °C to room temperature. The bending caused tension or compression in different parts of the specimen, so interstitial distortion was formed. As the bending stress was much lower than the yield stress, the specimen didn’t bend during the first minutes of experiment, and then started bending during the martensitic transformation (transformation plasticity effect). The curved quenched specimens then were tempered at temperatures 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 °C for 1 hour and the deflection of specimen after each tempering was measured.

The results showed different influence of tension and compression on transformations occurring in steel during quenching and tempering. The tempering temperature effect on self-deformation of curved specimen was revealed.

The article presents the chisel plow of the new generation developed on the basis of the systematic approach and adaptability of technological impacts from soil-climatic and agro landscape conditions. The principle of the use of the alternating movement of working elements for the destruction of the layer in the so-called lines of the least connections was built into the basis of the chisel plow construction. The chisel plow is multipurpose: it performs the present technological process of soil processing of fields on different depth and spaces between rows of perennial plants on the depth which is differentially changed distancing from the bole due to the architectonics of the root system disposition. Working elements of the chisel plow contain the fastened clutches on hinges, the angle of the mounting is determined by the action of soil resistance forces but the destruction of the layer is executed by differently directed deformations. Researches showed that the chisel plow qualitatively fulfills the present technological process and corresponds to agro-technical demands. The amount of agronomically valuable aggregates increases in the arable layer under the processing of soil by the chisel plow. The chisel plow is fairly aggregated with the Т-150K according to energetic indexes. The decrease in traction resistance (by 12.27%) and specific energy consumption (1.14%) when using the working elements with self-centered clutches have been observed. There was set the reasonability of the application of the type without clutches at the deeper tillage, and it is necessary to use the chisel plow with self-centered clutches under the soil treatment on small and medium depth. To treat soil in arid conditions there was developed the construction of the combined chisel plow presenting the combination of the chisel plow with a roller. The comparative analysis of technological process indexes testifies increasing the quality under function of the chisel plow with a roller and unimportant increase of power inputs in normal ranges. According to the acceptance tests on the SouthCaucasian MIS chisel plow is recommended to the application in agricultural production.

The article presents the chisel plow of the new generation developed on the basis of the systematic approach and adaptability of technological impacts from soil-climatic and agro landscape conditions. The principle of the use of the alternating movement of working elements for the destruction of the layer in the so-called lines of the least connections was built into the basis of the chisel plow construction. The chisel plow is multipurpose: it performs the present technological process of soil processing of fields on different depth and spaces between rows of perennial plants on the depth which is differentially changed distancing from the bole due to the architectonics of the root system disposition. Working elements of the chisel plow contain the fastened clutches on hinges, the angle of the mounting is determined by the action of soil resistance forces but the destruction of the layer is executed by differently directed deformations. Researches showed that the chisel plow qualitatively fulfills the present technological process and corresponds to agro-technical demands. The amount of agronomically valuable aggregates increases in the arable layer under the processing of soil by the chisel plow. The chisel plow is fairly aggregated with the Т-150K according to energetic indexes. The decrease in traction resistance (by 12.27%) and specific energy consumption (1.14%) when using the working elements with self-centered clutches have been observed. There was set the reasonability of the application of the type without clutches at the deeper tillage, and it is necessary to use the chisel plow with self-centered clutches under the soil treatment on small and medium depth. To treat soil in arid conditions there was developed the construction of the combined chisel plow presenting the combination of the chisel plow with a roller. The comparative analysis of technological process indexes testifies increasing the quality under function of the chisel plow with a roller and unimportant increase of power inputs in normal ranges. According to the acceptance tests on the South-Caucasian MIS chisel plow is recommended to the application in agricultural production.

Viewed the theoretical questions regarding the kinematic and structural parameters of the working tool when rolling out the cylinder liner.