International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Energy-saturated materials are considered to be a source of cheap energy, while detonation synthesis is a new promising form of the basic technology for producing nanodiamonds and other super hard and ceramic nanomaterials. Nanodiamonds is a unique product that combines both the properties of diamond and the advantages of nanostructures. The given work investigated the synthesis products, obtained under industrial conditions, while having detonation of a mixture of trinitrotoluene (TNT) with gecsogen (RDX) and RDX with graphite. The sizes of microcrystallites were, estimated by X-ray diffraction analysis and particle grain size according to the measurement of specific surface area, agglomerate in water suspension after treatment by ultrasound. There was, shown the evolution of nanod iamonds particle sizes and microstructures, both in the primary synthesis products and after enrichment from non-diamond forms of carbon and technological impurities. Changes in the microstructure indicate a high reactivity of nanodiamonds. The obtained results can be useful for studying the mechanism of synthesis and practical application of detonation nanodiamonds.

Detonation synthesis nanodiamonds have been widely used in modern science and technology. Such kind of nanodiamonds can be obtained either from the carbon explosive molecule (DND) or from a mixture of explosives with the addition of graphite or soot (DALAN). Possessing nanoscale and high surface energy, diamonds have a structural and dispersion-strengthening effect being in contact with any materials. In many ways, the applications of nanodiamonds are determined by their dispersion, reactivity, and aggregative state in various environments. The given scientific research investigated the properties of industrial DND and DALAN produced by JSC RPE “SIDAL”, being one of the leading manufacturers in Russia. There were estimated the following properties: crystallites sizes; elemental composition; thermal stability; specific surface area; unit sizes.

Properties of polycrystalline nanodiamond powder after treatment under oxidizing alkali melts of sodium nitrate and sodium hydroxide were investigated. It is established that the dried initial product contains the particles with size up to 100 microns, which are easily broken by ultrasonic treatment to size about 15 micron. A comparative grain-size analysis of samples before and after treatment of oxidative alkaline melts showed that the average grain size is reduced to 6 microns and the particles of less than 1 micron are formed. It is shown that after treatment in the oxidative alkaline melt final material does not contain non-diamond carbon and the dried powder of polycrystalline diamond practically does not aggregate.