International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Environmental problems today are one of the most important and global indicators of human development. One of the consequences of the impact of agricultural machinery on natural resources is their pollution due to loss of fuel and lubricants and engine waste. The purpose of the research is to develop scientific and methodological bases for the selection of criteria for assessing the environmental safety of the diesel engine of an energy vehicle with the creation of an environmental safety management system. The scientific and methodological basis for assessing these factors is a systematic approach to solving environmental problems that arise during the operation of machine-tractor units and other agricultural energy resources. Estimation of the level of emissions of the main pollutants and toxic substances in exhaust gases can be defined by means of the regulatory characteristic of the engine depending on an operating mode of this engine. The optimal mode of operation of the engine YaMZ-236M2, from an environmental point of view, adopted 1450…1850 rpm. In this case, fuel consumption does not increase in this mode. It is possible to reduce the emissions of the most significant NOx exhaust element by limiting the engine speed to 90% of the nominal. CO and CH emissions at a given engine speed have not reached their maximum value.

To improve the operational and environmental performance of steam and water-heating gas-fired boilers, is proposed the efficient technology based on an complex heat-recovery system with heating and humidifying the blown air and heating the cold water of the chemical water-purification system. The results of studies on the reduction of harmful emissions into the environment by gas-fired boilers equipped by deep recovery systems of heat of the exhaust-gases are presented. The efficiency of use for reducing the fuel consumption and the level of formation of nitrogen oxides in the boiler furnace of such complex heat-recovery systems is considered. It is shown that the use of these systems secures reducing nitrogen oxide emissions by up to 60% by suppressing their formation in the boiler furnace at the introduction of moisture with blown air and decrease by 8-12% other harmful emissions from fuel combustion due to a reduction in its consumption.

This paper presents numerical analysis of waste heat recovery from engine exhaust gases by means of Rankine cycle and Organic Rankine cycle. Both technologies are widely studied in combustion engines but there are still not solid statements which should be chosen.

The heat source in this study is the exhaust system of a modern diesel engine, developed for passenger car. Firstly, the engine was experimentally studied at stationary operating mode. Thus, exhaust gas parameters such as: mass flow rate, temperature and enthalpy were obtained at seventeen operating points which correspond to real operating mode of vehicle in NEDC. A simulation model of waste heat recovery system was developed. Based on that model, a numerical code was created in Python as CoolProp open-source platform was used to determine working fluid parameters. Lastly, Rankine cycle and Organic Rankine Cycle output power and efficiency were studied. The results revealed that Organic Rankine cycle using R245fa as working fluid provides better efficiency than steam Rankine cycle. Maximum recovered power was estimated to be 1.69kW while for the steam Rankine cycle it was 1.43kW.

In this paper an experimental study of exhaust gas parameters of a modern diesel engine is presented. The engine under study is developed for passenger car. It was used a flexible engine management system based on National Instruments real-time controller and LabVIEW code. However, basic settings of the engine calibration values were used over the test. The engine was tested at seventeen operating points which correspond to real operating mode in NEDC of the vehicle. In order to define the engine speed and load a vehicle driving model was used. Finally, exhaust mass flow and temperature were studied as well as exhaust enthalpy was estimated. The results revealed that waste heat recovery system can be applied in order to reduce fuel consumption in NEDC.