International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The usage of alternative fuels that reduce the emission of harmful components, but do not eliminate their presence (especially nitrogen oxides) will be analyzed in the article. researchers prove that operation process of diesel on standard fuel is characterized by the formation of nitrogen oxides during the combustion of a heterogeneous mixture of diesel fuel and air in those local zones, in which the composition of the mixture is close to the stoichiometric mixture. According to this, an actual problem today is to develop the method of perfect combustion process for diesels, when during the diesel operation the local values of air excess coefficient αi and temperature Ti will not be in the range in which nitrogen oxides and soot are formed. So, converting a diesel engine into gaseous fuel ensures a reduction of toxicity and smokiness in exhaust gases and from this point of view, the values of the air excess coefficient will be considered in accordance with the mode of diesel operation and possibility of using various types of impurities to improve fuel properties and, as a result of their consumption, to improve both, ecological and efficient indicators.

The paper dwells on peculiarities of operation of engine running on gaseous fuel that envisages the influence of the period of impeding spontaneous combustion on the operation of engine with the dependence on dosing of fuse. Simultaneously, there is considered the influence of changeability of the air-excess coefficient on the engine load when using the different gaseous fuels, as well as its influence on the efficient operation of engine, improvement of ecological and economic parameters, with account for improving geometrical parameters of engine. There are given the analysis and comparison of the efficient characteristics of the ideal cycle of diesel engine when running on liquid and gaseous fuel.