International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

It is very important to know the trends related to the structure and condition of the vehicle fleet, to be able to predict the structure of the vehicle fleet in the future. In Montenegro, it is noticed that there is a constant increase in the number of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The share of BEVs in the vehicle fleet of Montenegro is too small to have any significant impact on CO2 emissions as well as the power system. The pandemic COVID-19 virus had a great impact on the number of registered as well as the number of newly registered vehicles. Practically, in 2020, the year of the pandemic, only an increase in the number of BEVs was recorded. It is very worrying that the number of vehicles using diesel fuel is increasing, which can be a complicating factor in efforts to reduce the negative impact of road traffic on the environment.

One of the biggest challenges in the FSAE competition is adapting the power unit to the strict regulations of the competition. The task of the exhaust manifold is to enable the best possible flow of exhaust gases from the engine to the environment. A properly designed vehicle exhaust manifold is of great importance for enabling better performance of the power unit. There are several different concepts for designing exhaust manifolds. Each concept has its advantages and disadvantages. One of the main guidelines when designing the exhaust manifold is to enable air flow with as little local resistance as possible so that the exhaust gases are released into the environment as soon as possible. In this work, a 3D model of three types of exhaust manifolds was created, and then a CFD simulation of airflow through exhaust manifolds was performed using ANSYS Fluent software. CFD simulations help to a great extent with a better design of the exhaust manifold.

In this paper, a simulation of their flow through the throttle valve on the Formula Student vehicle was performed throttle valve is an element that, according to the regulations of the Formula Student competition, must be present in the intake installation of the vehicle’s power unit if it is a competition in class IC. The correct design of the throttle is of great importance anchor or the power unit to work properly, but also to extract the maximum performance of the power unit itself, and thus of the competition vehicle as a whole. One of the main tasks of the throttle is to allow air to flow with as little resistance to flow as possible. For the CFD simulation in this work, ANSYS Fluent was used, which proved to be a very powerful tool in the CFD simulation of the throttle body.

The Formula Student competition is the most challenging, complex, and attractive student engineering competition in the world. Students from universities around the world compete to build better vehicles. The competition consists of several different disciplines, which are divided into two groups. The first group consists of static disciplines, where students who are members of the team defend the vehicle project in front of eminent experts from the world of the automotive industry and auto-moto sports. The second group is the group of dynamic disciplines, which is made up of several disciplines related to the analysis of vehicle behavior in real conditions. One of the main challenges facing the team members is designing the vehicle’s propulsion system. At competitions in the IC engine class, power units from a certain class of motorcycles are most often used. The main limitation related to the power unit is that all intake air must pass through a 20 mm diameter. One of the solutions to the mentioned problem is the use of a convergent-divergent nozzle with a throat diameter of 20 mm. In this paper, the influence of the convergent part of the nozzle on the airflow through the nozzle itself was examined. Models were created for several restrictors and they were tested by CFD simulation in ANSYS Fluent software