International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The use of aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is considered. The advantages, disadvantages and limitations of specific configurations of the UAV body are described. The requirements for simultaneous assessment of materials are described, with an emphasis on modern composite materials forming structurally reinforced or three-layer structures of some UAV elements. It is proposed to take the mass efficiency coefficient of the model as a basis for comparison of aircraft-type UAVs, which determines what part of the mass of the considered design corresponds to the requirements of users. A static analysis of the fuselage and wings of aircraft-type UAVs, made with new materials, was carried out, determining the parameters and their shapes in order to reduce the bending moment acting on the structural elements of the wing, which would reduce its weight. Safety coefficients for the operation of aircraft-type UAVs with certain materials and the financial situation in their design based on forecasting time series of changes in the requirements for the use of UAVs are proposed.

This study examines the impact of component materials on the energy performance of solar panels designed for water heating. For this purpose, we have integrated numerical simulations and experimental analyzes enabled by algorithms developed with LabVIEW software. The primary objective of this investigation is to assess how the selection of materials in the construction of solar panels affects their overall efficiency in harnessing and converting solar energy into heat for water heating purposes. The research methodology involves the development and implementation of advanced algorithms using LabVIEW, a versatile software platform known for its proficiency in data acquisition, analysis, and control. Numerical simulations focus on modeling the behavior of solar panels under different conditions, taking into account factors such as radiation, temperature and the specific characteristics of different component materials. These simulations provide valuable assessments of theoretical aspects of solar panel performance and enable the identification of optimal material combinations. Through the physical model, experimental studies are conducted to validate the simulated results. Physical prototypes of solar panel components are built using various materials and their performance is rigorously evaluated under real-world conditions. Experimental measurements allow data collection, and enable comparative analysis with numerical simulations. The results of this study aim to contribute to the advancement of solar panel technology by providing a deeper understanding of how material choices affect energy efficiency. Moreover, the use of LabVIEW software in the development of algorithms ensures a systematic and accurate analysis of numerical and experimental data.

The set of methods and rules in the process of providing raw materials can be considered a strategy for stock management. Each strategy is associated with specific and expected costs. Still, optimally, we can call that strategy that, under the given conditions, leads to minimal expenses related to the material provision of the studied system. Part of the stock management process is establishing the timing of the deliveries, the necessary volumes and the distribution of the incoming lots to the various warehouses and units. The search for optimal strategies is subject to the theory of optimal stock management. This makes it possible to release significant funds frozen in the form of stocks, which leads to increased efficiency of the material resources used. The optimal inventory management strategy and flexibility also lead to improved production processes and reduced and excluded possible interruptions caused by lack or shortage of materials. The stock management process influences the planning, forecasting, and fulfilment of production needs and orders.
The elements of the business system described so far, in which raw materials, materials and their stocks have a significant impact, show the importance of the stock management strategy of each economic unit. That the chosen and functioning system is optimal is a substantial part of the overall success in any enterprise or other form of business process implementation.

As global environmental impacts have increased, modern societies have expressed a strong interest in implementing sustainable solutions to reduce emissions and use operational energy and natural resources. The construction industry is a leading promoter of significant environmental impacts because it consumes a significant amount of water, energy, and materials. Steel and welding are critical in all three major sectors of the industry: construction, infrastructure, and industry. This paper discusses the significance of meeting sustainable development goals in welded structures and identifies ways that this industry can help to reduce environmental impact and improve employment conditions while achieving economic growth, saving time, and maintaining structural quality. The paper discusses how to optimize various aspects ranging from raw material extraction to construction waste disposal using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. It provides a starting point and demonstrates how these tools can contribute to more sustainable welded structures.

This paper deals with dynamic analysis of bridge crane with single girder in order to determine material deformations in their main parts – cables and girder’s, while moving and carrying load. It is known that these are mostly loaded parts in crane, while they accept forces, moments and oscillations from lifting mechanism and load. Analysis will be accomplished using computer modeling and simulations. Work process of crane in the study is forward travel motion. It is assumed that this motion process makes major impact in the deformations of lifting cables and girders due to stress, oscillations, and negative effect of load swinging. The analysis will be concentrated in finding the nature of oscillations that acts on crane and finding the extent and form of materials stress and deformations that can cause fatigue, failures and accidents. Question is whether acting loads exceed elasticity limits, or there are plasticity deformations which lead to permanent damages. Results will be shown in the form of diagrams, contour stress and strain in cables and girders. They will be compared with experimental measurements. Conclusions of these analyses can be useful for design considerations and safety.