International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Together with the foundation of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in 1898, it was introduced at its Agricultural Department to teach the academic discipline “Mechanics in Adaptation to Agriculture”, which will be called “Agricultural Mechanics” in the future. Three years later, that is, in 1902, students of this department began to study this subject, having previously studied the subject “Elementary Mechanics” at the beginning of the III year. Soon, after a period of time, the students of the Mechanical Department began to study a subject called “Agricultural Mechanical Engineering”. It was from 1906–1908 that students of both departments began to carry out socalled “Special projects” in agricultural engineering during their studies, and in the following years to carry out diploma projects dedicated to this area of science and study. The teaching of the specified subjects, as well as the students’ careful study of real agricultural machines and tools that worked in the field at the Kyiv Machine Testing Station at the Polytechnic Institute (the students even took part in the tests themselves) and gives grounds for the assertion that the organization of training specialists in in the field of agricultural engineering began at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute at the indicated times.

At the beginning of the XXI century the anthropogenic uncontrollable industrial activity continuously disturbs the equilibrium of the planet formed for millions of years. A number of metals of vital importance decrease calamitously or disappear completely. The desire for high profits on behalf of a definite group of people leads to disappearing of fertile areas and whole mountains. This imp oses the sensible part of humanity to undertake measures to return part of the breached balance.
This elaboration suggests several innovative technologies for use in metallurgy and foundry as well as technologies for mechanical engineering, which ensure saving of material sources and achieve significant ecological effect on the environment.

The proposed technologies represent a complex of classical and modern methods for obtaining, processing and use of mineral and energy earth resources. Methods for utilization of some metal wastes to obtain fit for use products are also indicated

Multi-product machinery production forms a machine park of an industrial organization, so the finished products must provide high-quality and economic indicators while using them in productions. The problem of increasing the level of production efficiency is analysed in such organizations depending on the improvement of the basic production infrastructure. The new, quantitative indicators are presented, which help justify the interrelations of material, labor and energy production costs. The necessity of implementation of innovative technological processes at the preproduction phases is justified, which allows to reduce the level of material intensity, labor intensity and energy intensity of production and increase the efficiency of the production organization.

In the publication are presented studies to determine the accuracy of the group approach in calculating the cost of technological engineering products. For this purpose, the cost price of a specific item is calculated by applying the developed approach and the group is compared with the actual cost. The results obtained show that the use of group approach enables a comparatively fast and sufficiently precise calculation of the technological cost of machine products.