International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Energy-saturated materials are considered to be a source of cheap energy, while detonation synthesis is a new promising form of the basic technology for producing nanodiamonds and other super hard and ceramic nanomaterials. Nanodiamonds is a unique product that combines both the properties of diamond and the advantages of nanostructures. The given work investigated the synthesis products, obtained under industrial conditions, while having detonation of a mixture of trinitrotoluene (TNT) with gecsogen (RDX) and RDX with graphite. The sizes of microcrystallites were, estimated by X-ray diffraction analysis and particle grain size according to the measurement of specific surface area, agglomerate in water suspension after treatment by ultrasound. There was, shown the evolution of nanod iamonds particle sizes and microstructures, both in the primary synthesis products and after enrichment from non-diamond forms of carbon and technological impurities. Changes in the microstructure indicate a high reactivity of nanodiamonds. The obtained results can be useful for studying the mechanism of synthesis and practical application of detonation nanodiamonds.

Modern metals, alloys and polymers, using in mechanical engineering, now have such high-temperature and strength properties that do not meet the advanced requirements. One of the methods to improve their physico-mechanical properties is the method of hardening by dispersed additives. Nanodiamond (ND) and diamond-carbon -containing material (NDC) of detonation synthesis, having nano-structure and high surface energy, impact structurally on any materials contacting with them. Detonation synthesis is a fundamentally new and productive type of basic technology for producing nanostructures and nanomaterials. ND of detonation synthesis is a unique material that combines the properties of diamonds and the advantages of nanostructures. Industrial development of the given method made it possible to actually reach large-volume production and consumption of ND in a number of industries. The effectiveness application of ND and NDC in industrial lubricants, polishing, composite galvano-chemical coatings, metal and polymer-based composites has been shown.

A study of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy AlSi18, modified by a conventional modifier – phosphorus (P) and a nanosized powder of a nanodiamond (ND) has been carried out. Refinement by 40.8% of the primary Si crystals and by 51% of the Si crystals in the composition of the eutectic has been obtained for the phosphorus-modified alloy in result of the modification. The refinement of the above values for the alloy modified by ND is 41.5% and 94% respectively. The phosphorus-modified alloy AlSi18 has an increased tensile strength (Rm) by 18.5%, relative elongation (А5) by 14.3% and hardness by 1.5%. The alloy, modiified by ND has an increased by 20.4% tensile strength (Rm), increased relative elongation (А5) by 7.15% and hardness decreases by 6.2%.