International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This report examines the characteristics of powerful supercapacitors, which are used in electric vehicles to perform their driving dynamics, as well as to power starter motors of powerful internal combustion engines in large trucks, military vehicles and more. Main requirement for supercapacitors is tobe able to deliver a large amount of electricity for about ten seconds, and for very powerful motors (over 100 kW) – for up to 15 seconds. Various technological methods have been reported for supercapacitorsproduction, including the onedeveloped by the current authors, which is based on a ceramic dielectric with a high relative dielectric constant.

The scientific, technical and pedagogical bases of studying issues of soil and water protection by future specialists in agro-engineering in of higher education institutions are presented. Some concepts and categories that are used in the educational process for students to study agricultural land reclamation machinery and equipment are analyzed. Depending on the purpose, tasks, techniques of technological processes, the types of land reclamation measures are distinguished. The example of calculation of working bodies of earthmoving reclamation machines is given. According to the developed innovative studying technologies, students first study and analyze the state of agricultural production, identify the disadvantages of technological processes, the level of technical support, and then, using mathematical apparatus, methods of engineering calculations design and construct a reclamation machine. The methodological features of calculating the power balance of the earth-moving reclamation machine, which includes the power required to: isolate the material to be processed, taking into account its deformation, are theoretically described; the movement of the material being treated, that is, providing it with kinetic energy; lifting of the processed material; overcoming the friction resistance of the treated material against the surface of the working body and guide surfaces; overcoming the full resistance of the movement of the machine, taking into account the slope of the surface of the movement to the horizon; overcoming the propulsion of the propulsion; acceleration of the machine to the calculated speed of movement (overcoming the forces of inertia); drive conveyors and accessories. The developed procedure of laboratory and practical work includes the study of the methods and features of the calculation of balance capacity components of reclamation machines, taking into account such indicators as the type of soil, its density, thickness of layer, productivity, kinematics of the working body, the required lifting height, etc. The lecturer must draw up a general report on the theoretical and practical part of the laboratory and practical work in accordance with his task and protect it from the faculty of the department. The developed pedagogical technology of cross training emphasizes that soil and water resources are important objects and prerequisites for the development of agricultural machines and the formation of design competencies of agricultural engineers.

The possibility of marking and engraving on plexiglas with CO2 laser has been studied. The experiments conducted have determined the influence of laser radiation on the plexiglas.
These methods deal with methods of processing metals with a high energy laser beam on a solid (liquid or diode) base. Laser marking systems using different lasers and optical transfer systems can be used to mark an almost endless sheet of materials including metals, plastics, ceramics, glass, wood and leather

The possibility of marking and engraving on cloth with CO2 laser has been studied. For this purpose a methodology of experiments was developed in which a matrix of nine squares measuring 1: 1 cm and a laser beam velocity and power of 2-26 W and 100-350 mm / s, respectively.

The paper presents analysis of industrial gas turbine and its upgrade with heat regenerator. Based on a gas turbine operational data from a thermal power plant (base process) it was investigated advantages and disadvantages of heat regenerator implementation in the gas turbine process. Regenerator efficiencies were varied between 75% and 95%. Heat regenerator causes decrease of gas turbine fuel consumption up to 0.621 kg/s with a simultaneous increase in gas turbine process efficiency up to 10.52%. The main disadvantages of heat regenerator implementation are decrease in turbine cumulative and useful power along with decrease in the cumulative amount of heat released from the process.

Describe the parameters influencing the depth of the laser marking of textile products. Experimental results are presented to determine the quality of cuts on felt surfaces of different colors at specific parameters – power and speed.

The urgency of the issue under consideration is stipulated by large-scale international research and is confirmed by the Russian Federation Government Decree No. 1-P of 08.01.2009 “Main Directions of State Policy in the Sphere of Energy Efficiency Improvement on the Basis of Using Renewable Energy Sources for the Period to 2020” and the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from July 7, 2011 № 899 on priority directions of development of science, technology and technics in the Russian Federation.
According to the analytical agency “AUTOSTAT”, as of 2017 there are 3.7. million of trucks in the Russian Federation, of which the ecological standards “Euro-4” (and above) correspond only 14%, and annually are used more than 20 million tons for freight transport, which in the amount of processing oil to diesel gas oil is more than 70 million tons of diesel gas oil . From the above, it can be concluded that in order to solve the fuel issue and preserve the environment, it is necessary to study the performance of the diesel engine using diesel composite fuel and transfer of transport to alternative fuels.
As a raw material for the production of alternative fuels is attractive biomass, such as oilseeds and waste from processing plants.
As a result of the growing demand for ricinic oil by industry, it is necessary to study its application as a component for the production of diesel composite fuel.
However, the viscosity of ricinic oil is higher than that of diesel gas oil, so it can only be used as an additive to low-viscosity components. As a result of the addition of diesel fuel and bioethanol to ricinic oil, with preliminary preparation, decreases viscosity and are improved low-temperature properties. This mixture can be suitable for use on transport-technological machines, the point of view of qualitative spraying in areas with a moderate climate.
Based on the thermal calculation of the engine by the methods of Prokopenko R.M., Khorosh A.I., Bashirova R.M., are determined the parameters of the working cycle of the engine D-240 and are presented below the dependences on the concentrations of the components.
The article compares the obtained results with the indicators of traditional diesel gas oil.

Values are the principle of human existence. They are its proto-principle. Human life runs its course within a world of values, is guided and made meaningful by values. Political action, as a kind of social action, is guided by meaning and – directly or indirectly – by values. The cardinal function of values is to legitimate the social and political (individual and/or group) actions. The devaluation of values leads to a crisis of society, the only solution to which is a revaluation of values. And because – not being subject to natural causality – values are a matter of choice, when they are imposed and coercively required of people, they cannot result in the good, and their devaluation becomes inevitable. Devalued values break down the immune system of a person, a group, a society. The disregard for politics as a value is a symptom of a severely ailing society. Overall, researches on values have revealed a tendency to moral degradation and a shortage of social and political values. Sociologists explain this negative trend with reference to the preceding period that had abruptly placed whole generations of people socialized in one type of society – the Socialist one – into a new reality that required a radical elimination of the conflict areas in their now compromised past socialization. A clarification of the interconnection between attitudes and values such as justice, family, work, politics, etc., gives answers to the question as to how far these values are a resource for meaningful construction and/or consolidation of community ties. The extent to which values are accepted by the community as reference points for personal and social realization depends on the interiorization of supra-individual norms and values. Only a person who has interiorized these norms and values – not as imposed coercively from outside but as his/her own – may simultaneously live in society and be “free” of society. Individualization is the basic characteristic of a healthy society. The individualization in question must not consist of individualism, atomization, and/or highlighting the Self, but should involve a collective and normative style of life. In that case, it may alleviate the contrast between desired values that underlie the actual conduct of people, and the desirable values that are related to the normative requirements of society.

The relevance of the matter is confirmed by numerous researches of the alternate engine fuel, in particular, from the renewable sources of raw materials (biomass) studied in various regions of the Russian Federation and abroad. For obtaining diesel composite fuel as raw materials are attractive oil crops which are not used in the food industry, for example, carthamus, false flax, colza, winter cress, crambe and castor-oil plant.
At the moment the need for the ricinic oil used in military, chemical, machine-building, radio-electronic, printing, paint and varnish, medical, cosmetic and other industries in the Russian Federation grows. As a result of processing of a castor-oil plant fruits by cold press in residual meal or pod there are about 10% of oil which is possible for allocating by processing of meal on technology of extraction with receiving technical ricinic oil with a possibility of application as raw materials for receiving paint and varnish, lubricants and diesel composite fuel.
However viscosity of ricinic oil is 10 times more, than at diesel gas oil therefore it is necessary to apply in mix with low-viscosity components. As additive to ricinic oil can be used mineral oil fuel and bioethanol due to which mixture viscosity considerably decreases, cloud point and crystallizations temperature decreases. [8]
As diesel composite fuel is investigated mixture of ricinic oil (RicO), and summer diesel gas oil according to National State Standard 305-2013. On the basis of the carried-out calculation are defined indexes of a working cycle, dependences on concentration of components of blenderized fuel are shown.
On the basis of the calculation, are determined the working cycle indexes, are shown the dependences on the concentration of the components of the composite fuel. Based on the results of the calculation, the obtained indicators were compared with diesel gas oil.

The report examines current problem in wireless WiMAX networks, namely the possible ways and mechanisms to measure the output power and power spectral density of radio transmitter. The purpose of measurement is to determine the maximum output power of the transmitter is within the manufacturer’s declared value with a certain tolerance set by EN / ETS and does not exceed the maximum limits. Also to measure or calculate the power spectral density of radiated power in the frequency channel with a specific width. The following parameters must be measured in full and coordinated load of the transmitter. These are the key parameters needed to research for the effective design of broadband WiMAX wireless data system.

An analysis the process of harvesting the field of large square bales of plant feed at different traffic pattern loading and transport units. We propose a constructive-technological scheme of additional transport unit for an orderly stacking of bales on the field surface in neat rows across the trajectory of the baler. The calculations of power requirement to drive the baler equipped with an additional transport unit. A technique for determining the area of compacted surface of the field propulsion units for different schemes of traffic during harvesting bales. Calculated the reduction in size of compacted surface of the field at harvest bales of flat series obtained from the use of additional transport unit. The results of energy research and technological performance of his work.

A methodological approach has been developed that allows to assess the performance and functional possibilities of systems, assemblies and mechanisms of the agricultural tractor taking part in the formation and implementation of its power potential and, if necessary, to determine requirements for modules with similar purposes by which they could be replaced in order to improve efficiency in the operation of а tractor model and machine-tractor combinations formed on its basis.

An example of practical application of the methodological approach for improving the utilization of power potential of an agricultural tractor by optimizing its ballast is presented in the article, too.