International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Recent researches have shown that Nano-coating materials play a vital role in improving the performance of the PV cell operation, enhancing the life span and reducing its surface temperature. In addition to that, the Nano-coating can achieve many benefits such as making a smoother surface, stronger and less adhesive of externous on the surface of PV panel. In this work, the effect of nanomaterials coating using Titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and Nano fluid Titanium dioxide on performance and temperature of PV cell when coated by these Nano particles separately with different thicknesses (0.5μm, 50μm,100μm and 300μm). To achieve these objectives ANSYS software technology (version.1) was used. The results showed that there is a significant effect specifically when using TiO2 Nano fluid. The maximum improvements were when using Nano coating TiO2 and SiO2 which are (0.62%) and (0.135%), respectively, at thickness 300μm and ambient temperature16 ͦ C in case without externous particles. But the minimum improvement was with TiO2 and SiO2 of coating thickness 0.5μm which are (0.0937%) and (0.0937%), respectively, at ambient temperature 23 ͦ C in presence of dust. The results of TiO2 Nano fluid with concentration and flow rate which are (5%and 0.01 kg/s), respectively, showed that the maximum improvement was (39.88%) in case without externous particles at ambient temperature 23 ͦ C, but the minimum improvement was (37.84%) in case with dust at ambient temperature 16 ͦ C.

Environmental and economic problems caused by over dependence on fossil fuels have increased the demand and request for green energy produced by alternative renewable sources. Solar energy systems have emerged as a viable source of renewable energy over the past two or three decades, and are now widely used for a variety of industrial and domestic applications. Such systems are based on a solar collector, designed to collect the sun’s energy and to convert it into either electrical power or thermal energy. Solar energy is predictable to play a great role in the infrastructure as a distributed source, due to the fact that it is an easily available renewable source of energy. In Jordan, natural conditions for solar are excellent, with an intensity of direct solar radiation with 5 to 7 kWh/m². The main purpose of the present study to estimate the performance of a solar tracking photovoltaic (PV) panel of dual axis type, through designing, construction and testing of a solar tracking system which automatically searches the optimum PV panel position with respect to the sun by means of a DC motors controlled by Arduino Mega board that receives input signals from dedicated Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), and compare the results with fixed PV panel. The results showed that the use of the Dual-Axis Tracking System can produce about 37.37% gain of power output, compared with a fixed system inclined at 30° to the horizon.

A lot of techno-economic analyses have been conducted to seek the most cost-effective solution for electricity generation applied in the interval time of 25 years of project life. The actual benefits taken from small PV plants up to 2MW have been identified, as well as the effects of the most sensitive parameters, such as installation price, incentives and other credit options such as carbon credit rate or feed in tariff. The output carried out from the simulation performed in RETScreen Expert tool shows that PV system represents the best solution to provide free carbon and costless electricity to run the water pump for sprinkler irrigation in the agriculture sector in Albania. The environmental benefits have been also addressed, evaluating the CO2 emissions saving achievable from the PV system operation and some financial aspects such as simple payback period (SPP), NPV, IRR. The annual electricity production from PV plant located in the village of Tërbuf, Divjaka Municipality with an installed capacity of 2MW results 3319MWh and would avoid 3253 tCO2. The effects of ETS schemes on the LCOE from small PV plants are highlighted.

As a result of the global pandemic situation COVID-19 many rural areas in Albania are suffering and will more especially the lack of internet services have engaged in development and cultivation of knowledge in the education sector, responsible in building a safer and more caring community. Even more Albania is indexed as a European country that still continue to experience the lowest rate userpenetration of internet especially in remotes areas. Despite its widespread use in urban areas, a very significant portion of the rural population still isn’t connected to the internet. Immigration of the population from rural toward more urbanized areas and lack of reliable electricity supply and infrastructure are the main problems that hinder investors to offer internet services in remote regions. The performance analysis of a solar PV power plant is important aspect as far as concern with technology and economic analysis. Due to seasonal variation standalone system can’t provide a continuous power supply. Therefore, in recent years PV energy systems that combine solar energy and other conventional conversion units are becoming promising more popular, efficient to fulfill load demand and representing a cost-effective technology.