International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The main sources of green energy (GE), considered as the cleanest forms of energy or types of renewable energy sources (RES), are wind, water, sun, and earth. While the world, particularly in the most developed countries, has made significant progress in adopting and applying the various forms of green energy (GE), in Georgia this field is in its initial stage and it is not possible to predict when the first major positive developments will be made. This paper presents an analysis of total energy supply (TES) in Georgia for the period 2000-2021. The value of the continuous annual growth rate (CAGR) for TES in Georgia for this period is 7.23.

This paper explores various models of integrating independent Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCSs) into Montenegro’s electricity distribution system (EDS) and energy market. It examines different possibilities by applying a multidisciplinary approach to the EDS integration coupled with market frameworks to form a novel holistic perspective for participations and influences of various stakeholders. The primary goal is to envisage and achieve a more efficient integration of different prosumers models that own and engage independent EVCSs with photovoltaic systems into the EDS and transport infrastructure. This approach is aimed at reducing CO2 emissions, promoting electromobility, engagement of citizens, and facilitating distributed renewable electricity generation at the point of consumption. Through the analysis of each of the three identified prosumer models, we give specifics of the integration within the grid, solar energy exploitation potentials, practical options for energy provisioning during and outside sunny periods etc. Economic, legal, and technical implications are integrated, and recommendations are provided using economic modelling and game theory formulations between the relevant actors and within regulatory provisions to optimize electric mobility in Montenegro.

The main sources of green energy (GE) as the cleanest form of energy or types of renewable energy sources (RES) are: wind, water, sun and earth. While the world, especially in the most developed countries of the world, has advanced far in the application of various forms of green energy (GE), in Georgia this field is in its infancy and it is not possible to predict when the first major positive developments in this field will be made. The paper presents the forecast and trend analysis of the use of green energy (GE) in Georgia until 2040. According to the data on the plans of the state authorities of Georgia for the development and use of various forms of green energy (GE), the highest forecast growth of the development of these types of energy is expected in the field of wind energy (WE) until 2025 with a value of
CAGR of 154.82 [%].

Wind, water, earth and fire, according to ancient philosophy, are the basic elements of the entire cosmos, with the help of which the existence of all things on planet earth is realized. Three (wind, water and earth) of these four basic elements represent renewable energy sources (RES), and in that sense also sources of green energy (GE). While the world, especially in the most developed countries of the world, has advanced far in the application of various forms of green energy, in Georgia this field is in its infancy and it cannot be predicted when the first major positive developments in this field will be made. The paper provides a basic division of sources (forms) of energy, taking into account the possibility of depletion over time, as well as examples of efficient application of hybrid green energy systems, for converting energy, primarily wind and sun, into electrical energy. Thus, the development and application of hybrid green energy systems, from a scientific and industrial point of view, will be one of the main goals in the future.