International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

An original installation and method for the preparation of ash with a predominant content of amorphous SiO2 (96-97 %), which is a technological residue after thermal treatment of agro-biological waste (rice husks), are presented. The resulting product is a complete raw material for the production of materials with a variety of functional characteristics, using different technological designs (in combination with other components). The design parameters of the installation and the different stages of the developed technological approach are discussed. The basic operating mode of the installation within one operating cycle is presented. The design features and technical equipment of the installation allow controlled creation, maintenance and modification of the necessary technological conditions for the effective thermal processing of the waste biomass.

An innovative device and a cost-effective and environmentally friendly technology have been developed to produce porous composite materials by using two types of waste raw materials: residual biomass from agricultural production and municipal waste. Heattreated rice husk and ground waste glass were used as main components. The technological approach presented here allows for the preparation of “breathable” porous materials with the predominant presence of open pores and increased specific surface area. A promising possibility for the application of the developed materials is their use in bulk or in the preparation of various composite building elements based on inorganic binders. Recipes and an adequate technological regime have been developed taking into account the design characteristics of the production facility, the specificity of the waste raw materials used and the intended target performance of the products.

The study deals with preparation of carbon/SiO2 based natural composite material by slow pyrolysis of rice husks at 480° C. The phase composition, microstructure and morphology of the solid pyrolysis residue were investigated by XRD, FTIR spectrometry, thermal analysis, Hg-porosimetry, B.E.T. specific surface area and SEM-EDS. The sorption capacity of the pyrolyzed rice husks (PRH) upon adsorption of oil and oil products spills was determined. The obtained results revealed that PRH possess high sorption ability toward to gasoline, diesel, motor oil, light and heavy crude oil, in the range of 3.7 to 9.2 kg.kg-1. The adsorbent is characterized with hydrophobicity and buy-effect 90% more 10 days. PRH were investigated also as material for deep adsorption removal of thiophene from model fuel under batch mode. It was found that adsorption of 92% of the aromatic sulfur compound from the model fuel was achieved.