International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The advent of technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, collaborative robotics, the Internet of Things, algorithms and digital work platforms and at the same time a significant increase in the number of people working remotely brings opportunities as well as new challenges and risks in the field of health and safety. Addressing challenges and risks and maximizing opportunities depend on how technologies are used, managed and regulated in the context of social, political and economic trends [1]. This post describes digitization and its use in the field of safety.

Today, coastal areas are among the most densely populated and busiest places in the world, with an extremely important economic and social value. With those areas being very intensely exploited, there is a strong possibility of different accidents and catastrophes occurring. Therefore, it is a matter of great importance to implement timely and quality measures to minimize the risk of negative consequences. This research explores the theories of coastal area management and risk management, while focusing on the synthesis of both of them on FSRU terminals. Given the fact that this special type of LNG terminals is becoming more and more present in the coastal areas of the world, this paper implements analysed theories and proposes risk minimising and safety measures for reducing the catastrophe risk with FSFRU terminals and thus contributing to the preservation of the coastal area.

Today, coastal areas are among the most densely populated and busiest places in the world, with an extremely important economic and social value. With those areas being very intensely exploited, there is a strong possibility of different accidents and catastrophes occurring. Therefore, it is a matter of great importance to implement timely and quality measures to minimize the risk of negative consequences. This research explores the theories of coastal area management and risk management, while focusing on the synthesis of both of them on FSRU terminals. Given the fact that this special type of LNG terminals is becoming more and more present in the coastal areas of the world, this paper implements analysed theories and proposes risk minimising and safety measures for reducing the catastrophe risk with FSFRU terminals and thus contributing to the preservation of the coastal area.

Transport infrastructure brings together conventional groundwork and innovative technologies in order to improve various aspects of transport system management and control. It enables anticipatory maintenance, planning and scheduling, resource management and aims to improve reliability and safety, increased capacity and asset utilization, better energy efficiency and lower emissions, higher customer service levels and increased economic feasibility. Transport infrastructures have long service life and great costs of building, manning, operating and maintaining throughout their life. Innovation and technology shifts proved to be important factors determining great changes in infrastructure potential and even determine its obsolescence. It is regarded as a concern throughout infrastructure’s entire life cycle and reflects changes in expectation regarding performances in functioning, safety and environmental effects.
Performance and failure are illustrated conceptually and represented in a simplified form considering the evolution of technology, the influence of innovation breeding new generation rail infrastructure, all the way through infrastructure’s service life.
According to the identified particularities, recommendations are to be made in order to insure a best practice in lifecycle management and transport infrastructure renewal in the context of improved reliability, safety and efficiency.

Industry 4.0 includes the integration of Safety and Security. Their interconnection (influencing) is assumed. Application of control systems within Safety and Security changes the static principle to dynamic, assumes identification of all production and distribution processes, data mobility as a part of BIG DATA technology and human factor activity while ensuring the functionality of relevant applications. Industry Strategy 4.0 requires a proactive approach in risk analysis, based on the implementation of Safety and Security principles in the development and design phase of machines and complex technologies in the context of the use of CPS principles. It is important that rapid responses to the system’s problems are monitored effectively, with simultaneous exchange of information at individual levels in the production process.

The paper is devoted to objectification and determination of the influence of hand-arm vibrations with selected machinery. We permanently meet with vibrations, but especially when performing work activities. When working with machinery, a person is constantly exposed to vibrations and they can very negatively affect the health of the person. The aim of the paper is to compare measured vibration values with the manual of the device and then to determine the maximum time exposure for work activities to avoid the employee being at risk of working with the device. Comparison of a final hand-arm vibration will be assessed by means of the hand-arm exposure calculator and software for a specific measuring device – vibration analyzer of the 4447 type. The proposed method – an extended risk matrix – is used to assess the risks of hand-arm vibration.

Industry 4.0 brings new challenges for the quantitative methods for the evaluation of system dependability properties such as reliability and safety. In this paper, we recall relevant Industry 4.0 and dependability concepts and provide an overview of available reliability and safety metrics and evaluation methods including event trees, fault trees, reliability block diagrams, and more sophisticated dynamic methods based on Markov chain models. The special focus is on the model-based application of these methods. The paper discusses several common MBSE paradigms, such as UML/SysML, AADL, and Simulink, that can be employed in the context of Industry 4.0 and allow automated generation of the dependability evaluation models. Finally, we discuss how the Industry 4.0 increases system complexity, justify what kind of dependability evaluation methods are required, and what limitations we still need to overcome.

The Russian Federation average about 3000 tons of uranium per year from its own mines. Russian uranium mining companies work in Kazakhstan, Canada and other countries either directly or through companies they purchase. Its businesses export fuel in all parts of the world and are getting more stable on the world market despite the sanctions imposed.

Prevention 4.0 as part of the enterprise’s safety culture is developing HSE management system to address new challenges in prevention. Industry 4.0 anticipates new linkages between technology, man, and management systems to apply the most efficient IT systems to ensure the flexibility of the production process so that its output is a product that takes into consideration customer requirements. These changes include the existence of new types of risk due to the change of the position of man from the classical production centers to the area of superstructure activities, programmer, setter, maintainer, security technician for the digitization of production processes. Risk identification is based on defining the hazards and threats of a complex manufacturing system in the context of Safety and Security – Sa&Se, their formulation so that characteristic parameters can be efficiently digitized within the manufacturing process.

Safety and security are vital in providing quality in tourism. More than any other economic activity, the success or failure of a tourism destination depends on being able to provide a safe and secure environment for visitors. The presented paper examines the impact of the security situation on the tourism sector in selected countries of the former Yugoslavia. Methods which were used for completing the paper include the literature review, content analysis of documents published by UNWTO, UNDP, WEF and IEP. Case studies for selected countries of the former Yugoslavia are also presented.

The road traffic safety factor is divided into three basic groups: human, vehicle, road (infrastructure). Technically defective, poorly maintained and technologically obsolete vehicles endanger road safety. The number of technically defective vehicles that are involved in traffic accidents, when checks are carried out by officers of traffic police, is 0.2%. Considering that 21.31% of vehicles are found to be defective by periodical technical inspections of vehicles (PTI), it is expected that the number of technically defective vehicles in daily traffic is considerably higher. By analyzing the data collected by PTI and comparing them with the data obtained during the conducted research “Inspection of the technical safety of vehicles involved in road traffic accidents with fatalities” the real state of the technical condition and safety of vehicles on the roads in the Republic of Croatia is presented here. Two-wheel vehicles (mopeds and motorcycles) represent a particularly risky group.

Currently, most employers ignore the fact that colors affect the behavior and thinking of employees in the work process. Workers are austere, colors, and they are places where employees only routinely perform tasks. In such an environment, employees can not feel good, do the best they can and work safely. It is important for employers to realize that by creating suitable working conditions they will help their employees to better manage their job tasks. Their performance will improve, they will work safely and significantly help in the development of society. The article deals with experiments that deal with the performance of test people who perform specific activities with different color backgrounds. This section evaluates the measured values and determines which colors affect the lowest performance, which colors are disturbing and cause many mistakes, human workplace problems, which can lead to arguments or even aggression. But also which colors can help achieve the highest efficiency that positively affect staff performance, support thinking and develop creativity, improve relationships and create a comfortable atmosphere.