Machines. Technologies. Materials.
Vol. 9 (2015), Issue 9

Table of Contents

  • DETERMINATION OF OIL SPILL PARAMETERS IN THE PROCESS OF OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS SPREADING ON THE WATER SURFACE

    pg(s) 3-5

    The growing marine pollution by oil strengthens the interest not only in the methods of combating their causes, but in methods of their forecasting as well on the basis of modeling and calculation of spreading oil spreading on the sea for some reason or other.

    The paper dwells on a mathematical model of calculating the area of oil spill spreading. The developed methodology for calculating change in the radius and area of oil spill is represented by function of three arguments: oil product density ρ , spillover volume V and o spreading time t.

    The proposed model allows forecasting the initial stages of oil spreading. The given methodology enables to determine transit time of the process of oil spill spreading from the first phase to the second one, and from the second to the third one, and the radius and area of oil spill spreading.

  • RESEARCHES 0F THE INHIBITING PROPERTIES OF WATER AND ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF OIL SLIMES

    pg(s) 6-8

    Considered are inhibitor properties of the tank oil slime. Physical and chemical characteristics of oil and oil slime are given.
    Given are the data of tests on corrosive stability in atmospheric conditions and by accelerated anticorrosive method. It is shown that the aqueous and organic extract of the tank oil slime has obviously marked inhibitor properties that allow to recommend them for producing anticorrosive paint and varnish coatings.

  • ON APPROXIMATING THE PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF CAPSIZE EQUATION

    pg(s) 9-12

    The motion of a ship in long beam seas could be described by a second-order non-linear differential equation, having the roll angle as variable and depending on four parameters. With the direct forcing amplitude as bifurcation parameter, the dynamical system exhibits either periodic or chaotic behaviour, the route to chaos being realized by a period doubling sequence of periodic motions. Some accepted indicators, like bifurcation diagrams, phase planes and Poincare sections have been computed and they confirm the transition from order to chaos. In the main part of the paper, the harmonic balance method is used to obtain approximate solutions for the periodic motions and to predict the period doubling bifurcations by a stability analysis.

  • MODERN METHODS FOR THE TEACHING OF VEHICLES CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEMS

    pg(s) 13-16

    The development of microelectronics intervened greatly in the automotive industry, therefore this fact cannot be ignored in the education. In today’s teaching absent methods, special classrooms and didactic tool, that allow to know the operating principle, processes understanding and also diagnostics of vehicle electronic systems. The project, which is realising at the University of Žilina intended for the modern education of several study programs is presented in this paper.

    This project will influence on professional qualifications of project investigators. They will improve their knowledge by means of professional training. New knowledge they will transfer subsequently in the education.

    The strategic goal of the project is “Reconcile the needs of the knowledge society and the labour market in higher education in the field of automotive technology”.

  • EKOMPAKT, A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING ENERGY FROM BIOMASS

    pg(s) 17-19

    In the Division of Vehicle Engineering ,Wroclaw University of Technology, there is realized the grant which aim is to work out the innovative compact EKOMPACT module- the installation of electric energy generation from biomass renewable resources by new technology. Research results (primarily simulation) provide necessary data for any modification of the installation in a way that the implementation of a new solution will be possible in diverse locations which are characterized by different working conditions.

  • THERMAL COMFORT ASSESSMENT USING HUMAN SUBJECTS

    pg(s) 20-23

    The objective of the present study is to experimentally investigate the thermal comfort inside a car cabin. During the experimental campaign the occupants filled out questionnaires on the thermal sensation vote. The questionnaire contained questions about the local and global state of comfort and were performed according to ISO 14505-3 / 2006 and ISO 10551 / 2001. Each experimental session lasted 30 minutes and each occupant completed four questionnaires as follows: a questionnaire at the entrance in the car cabin, and afterwards one questionnaire every 10 minutes.

  • MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF VIBRO-ACOUSTIC PROCESSES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

    pg(s) 24-25

    An internal combustion engine is considered as a material body, which characterized by inertial, elastic and dissipation properties, which are impacted from various forces. Oscillatory motion of a material body occurs in accordance with spectral characteristics of force and frequency responses of the system. The outer surface of the engine generates acoustic energy and causes mechanical noises.

    The paper dwells on determining acoustic energy in accordance with the acoustical radiation rate if the radiation coefficient of the object observed is known. Also, the sound of the engine is presented as a sum of its separate acoustic powers, and there is determined the acoustic radiation coefficient of the engine for the entire surface, by using the acoustic radiation coefficient of each surface. Simultaneously, there is determined the vibro-energy distribution in the engine design, the assessment of which is made by means of the energy-transfer coefficient, which generates the frequency responses of vibro-acoustic parameters.

  • ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF GAZ-DIESEL CYCLE EFFICIENCY

    pg(s) 26-27

    The paper dwells on peculiarities of operation of engine running on gaseous fuel that envisages the influence of the period of impeding spontaneous combustion on the operation of engine with the dependence on dosing of fuse. Simultaneously, there is considered the influence of changeability of the air-excess coefficient on the engine load when using the different gaseous fuels, as well as its influence on the efficient operation of engine, improvement of ecological and economic parameters, with account for improving geometrical parameters of engine. There are given the analysis and comparison of the efficient characteristics of the ideal cycle of diesel engine when running on liquid and gaseous fuel.

  • ANALYZING AND MODELING THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORT SERVICE RELIABILITY ON PASSENGERS BEHAVIOR

    pg(s) 28-31

    As a result of increasing demands for mobility and high consumer expectations of society, the reliability of transport service becomes more modern, necessary and important. The reliability of transport service can be defined as the ratio between the supply (referred to in the schedule) and actually implemented public transport services. The patterns of passengers’ behavior in different situations, such as early arrival or delay of vehicles express the perception of transport service reliability in different manners. This article is a study on the impact of the reliability of transport process on the passenger behavior.

  • ELECTRIC MOBILITY IN THE BALTICS

    pg(s) 32-34

    The Baltic States have no fuel resources needed for internal combustion engines. Oil products are imported. Internal combustion automobiles make a negative effect on the surrounding environment, as they produce toxic emissions and noises. One of the ways how to use electric energy – a resource produced in the Baltic States – is the exploitation of electric vehicles. The use of electric vehicles in the Baltic States began in 2010. Since this year, the best infrastructures for electric vehicles and their charging have been created in Estonia. The paper analyses the quantitative and qualitative specifics of electric vehicles and their infrastructures in the Baltic States as well as reviews the development prospects.

  • METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE VISCOSE OIL RHEOLOGY IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS

    pg(s) 35-36

    The crude oil samples produced from various fields are characterized by wide range of rheological characteristics. On the quantitative indicators of these parameters and, consequently, on the hydraulic resistance of the oil flow movement through the pipeline, significantly depend the possibilities of increasing the pipeline transport carrying capacity.

    The created physical model enables to determine rheological parameters of crude oil of various types, such as dynamic viscosity and solidification temperature with the dependence on preheating temperature and concentration of specialty solvents.

  • STUDYING OF SOIL SURFACE SUBSIDENCE UPON LONG LENGTH UNDERGROUND PIPELINES PENETRATION

    pg(s) 37-42

    Initial stresses of soil body are important upon penetration of long length underground pipelines (tunnels) into soil. If there is a free space between cassing (lining) and body the soil grains move to the free space. Value of free space is called “soil loss”. Movements may occur due to this free space filling with soil at the daylight surface. If the movements reach a great significance, aboveground structures and neighboring underground structures may be significantly damaged. Therefore, an evaluation of soil subsidence and pipeline (tunnel) stability are of great concern upon the pipelines (tunnels) designing.

  • RESEARCH RESULTS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT VENTILATION SYSTEM OF SHEEPFOLD

    pg(s) 43-45

    The article discusses the results of experimental studies of energy efficient ventilation system of sheepfold, using information-measuring system for remote registration of thermotechnical parameters of the ventilation systems.

    They are given the results of testing of the experimental energy efficient ventilation system in the winter and summer periods.

  • IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY off-line HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR HEATING RURAL HOUSE IN THE COLD DAYS

    pg(s) 46-49

    This article presents methods and means of increasing an efficiency of heat pump system and hot water supply for residential houses on the base of using of the heat pumps «air-water», solar collector of energy and ground heat exchangers. The technological scheme of energy saving heat pump system of the rural house taking into account local climatic conditions is described. The study determines typical temperature parameters hybrid heat pump system’s elements at cold days in heating season. The expediency of use of solar energy and heat of ground for preliminary heating of the cold external air arriving to the thermal pump «air-water» is proved.

  • The providing of the power saving control of one output value with two controlling channels having different effectiveness and cost of the controlling resource

    pg(s) 50-54

    Controlling of objects with the feedback negative loop is widely used in industry, intelligent technologies, robotics and transport systems. A negative feedback loop by comparing of the prescribed value of the output value with measured value of it generates a control signal, which adjusts the output value of the object. Typically, the number of controlled output values is equal to the number of feedback channels acting on the object, but in some cases, the number of the channel can be more. This situation is especially frequent in transportation systems. In the problem of the design of regulators, they pay the most attention to ensuring the required static and dynamic control accuracy, but recently the attention to the conservation of the resource manager increased. This saves fuel or energy costs, which is especially important, for example, in space technology. The task of saving resources in the control of an object with an excess amount of control channels was not previously considered in the literature. In this paper, the problem is investigated by numerical optimization with simulation. In some cases, the cost of resource of the control by the different channels may vary. At the same time the cheaper resources can have the worst quality of the control, for example, it can has a discrete form or (and) less speed and so on. In this paper, we study such state of the problem and give its solution. It is shown that for a suitable choice of the cost function one can preserve rather high quality of the control, while ensuring saving of the controlling resources. Resource saving can reach in some cases 96%, which is illustrated by an example.

  • METHOD AND RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF AUTOMATED INSTALLATION FOR DEFINITION OF EGG GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS BASED ON VISION SYSTEM

    pg(s) 60-63

    A methodology and results of experimental researches of the automated installation for determination of geometric parameters of eggs, based on vision systems, using software LabVIEW and Vision Assistant, is considered in the paper. The installation provides improved performance and accuracy of the measurement of geometrical dimensions and determination of the form coefficients of the eggs.

    The principle of operation of the automated installation is based on non-contact method of measuring large and small diameter, area and perimeter of the eggs, as well as calculation of the values of form coefficients and comparing them with the fluctuation limits of the measured parameters. The basic technical parameters of the automated installation are accuracy of geometric parameters determination, image processing time and performance. Experimental researches were carried out by three stages: an estimation of geometrical parameters measurement accuracy; determination of measurement productivity of eggs geometrical parameters; determination of productivity of eggs division into two categories (relevant and irrelevant to the form requirements of the standard). The obtained experimental results give reason to consider that the measurement accuracy of the linear dimensions of eggs, using the automated installation, meets the technological requirements. Automated installation enhances 4.5 times the labour productivity, spent on measurement of parameters of eggs. The accuracy of separation of eggs into categories, based on the their form using the automated installation, depends on the time, which operator needs for the correct reaction on the signal of the virtual instrument indicator and is equal to 15% at productivity 1,800 eggs per hour and 5.0% at productivity 1200 eggs per hour.

  • STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE NETWORK OF SOFIA SUBWAY

    pg(s) 64-71

    The main issues are considered in this topic: study of the structure of metro system by using the Graph Theory. New indicators have been defined in the research such as a degree of routing, a connectivity of the route, average length per link (which takes into account the number of routes), intensity of the route, density of the route. The study includes network of Sofia subway and the plans for its future development. The methodology could be used to evaluate other existing metro networks as well as for preliminary analysis in the design of subway systems.