Machines. Technologies. Materials.
Vol. 17 (2023), Issue 3, pg(s) 117-122

TECHNOLOGIES

Optimization of the distribution of spherical granules at the formation of composite structures

  • 1 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies with Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre “Acad. Angel Balevski”, Sofia, BulgariaBulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies with Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre “Acad. Angel Balevski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • 2 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies with Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre “Acad. Angel Balevski”, Sofia, Bulgaria

Abstract

On the basis of separate fractions of granular foam glass and inorganic binders, various modifications of heat-insulating composite material have been developed. A promising opportunity for potential application of the material is the preparation of composite elements and profiles suitable for installation around doors and windows during the construction or reconstruction of buildings. In connection with the study of the possibilities for optimal distribution of the granules, various options for their arrangement have been analyzed and evaluated. The mathematical tools of stereometry and 3D computer modeling were used. Visualizations of the obtained structures are presented and their compactness is evaluated. Recommendations are made for the ratio between the sizes and quantities of the granules used in order to achieve maximum density.

Keywords

References

  1. R. Basu, “Solid Waste Management-A Model Study”, Sies Journal of Management, 6, 2009, pp. 20-24.
  2. L. Giusti, “A review of waste management practices and their impact on human health”, Waste Management, 29(8), 2009, pp. 2227-2239.
  3. A. Demirbas, “Waste management, waste resource facilities and waste conversion processes”, Energy Conversion & Management, 52(2), 2011, pp. 1280-1287.
  4. E. Amasuomo, J. Baird, “The Concept of Waste and Waste Management”, Journal of Management and Sustainability; Vol. 6, No. 4; 2016, pp. 88-96.
  5. L. Lakov, K. Toncheva, A. Staneva, T. Simeonova, Z. Ilcheva, “Composition, synthesis and properties of insulation foam glass obtained from packing glass waste”, Journal University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy 48, 2, 2013, pp. 125–129.
  6. A. P. M. Velenturf, P. Purnell, “Resource Recovery from Waste: Restoring the Balance between Resource Scarcity and Waste Overload”, Sustainability, 2017, 9, 1603, pp. 1-17.
  7. G. Degli Antoni, G. Vittucci Marzetti, “Recycling and waste generation: an estimate of the source reduction effect of recycling programs”, Ecol. Econ., 161, 2019, pp. 321–329.
  8. A. Trinca, V. Segneri, T. Mpouras, N. Libardi, G. Vilardi, “Recovery of Solid Waste in Industrial and Environmental Processes”, Energies, 2022, 15, 7418, pp. 1-5.
  9. F. Medici, “Recovery of Waste Materials: Technological Research and Industrial Scale-Up”, Materials, 2022, 15, 685, pp. 1-3
  10. M. Aleksandrova, V. Petkov, V. P. Korzhov, I. S. Zheltyakova. "Study the influence of immersion in the synthesis of thin layers on a composite substrate". International Scientific Journal INDUSTRY 4.0, VII, 6, 2022, pp. 226-228.
  11. V. Petkov, M. Aleksandrova, R. Valov, G. Mutafchieva, B. Krastev, “Investigation of microstructure of chromium coating with nanodiamonds deposited on 316L steel”, International Journal “NDT Days”, v. 5, № 4, 2022, pp. 211-218.
  12. G. Mutafchieva, “Technological development of lighting fixtures in the field of silicate design”, Collection reports, Design & applied arts - Sofia, NAA, 2018, pp. 138-144.
  13. N. Rivier, “Theory of Glass”, Revista Brasileira de Flsica, Vd. 15, No 4 (1985) 311-378.
  14. L. O. Hedges, R. L. Jack, J. P. Garrahan, D. Chandler, “Dynamic Order-Disorder in Atomistic Models of Structural Glass Formers”, Science, vol. 323, Issue 5919, 2009, pp. 1309-1313.
  15. I. M. Kalogeras, H. E. Hagg Lobland, “The nature of the glassy state: Structure and glass transitions”, Journal of Materials Education, vol. 34/3-4, 2012, pp. 69-94.
  16. K. Toncheva, „Creation and research of a blowing section of a system for obtaining a continuous strip of foam glass“, PhD Dissertation for the award of the educational and scientific degree "Doctor", Specialty: “Technologies, machines and systems of foundry production”, code 02.01.18, Sofia, 2014, p. 168.
  17. A. Takada, R. Conradt, P. Richet, “Residual entropy and structural disorder in glass: A review of history and an attempt to resolve two apparently conflicting views”, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 429, 2015, pp. 33–44.
  18. Research project, Contract for financial assistance BG161PO003-1.1.06-0094- C001/07.12.2012 with beneficiary “Promstroyproekt” LTD and partner IMSЕTHA "Acad. A. Balevski" - BAS, "Creation and research of a new technology and horizontal model for the production of composite thermal insulation materials in the form of pieces (large granules) of foam glass from glass waste”, Project status - completed.
  19. I. Chorbov, K. Toncheva, L. Lakov, “Device for obtaining foam glass granules”, Patent № 66666 / 06.06.2012. Status-Valid, Place of application Bulgaria.
  20. L. Lakov, K. Toncheva "Device for obtaining foam glass", Patent № 66903 B1, 2019, Status - Valid, Place of application Bulgaria.
  21. I. Chorbov, L. Lakov, K. Toncheva, L. Drenchev, N. Guo, H. Shi, "Device for obtaining foamed granules from composite material", Patent application № BG /P/2020/113247 dated 21.10.2020, Status - in examination, Place of application Bulgaria.
  22. I. Chorbov, L. Lakov, K. Toncheva, L. Drenchev, N. Guo, H. Shi, "Device for obtaining a continuous plane of foamed composite material", Patent application № BG/P/2020/113248 dated 21.10.2020, Status - in examination, Place of application Bulgaria.
  23. M. Marinov, L. Lakov, K. Toncheva, “Granulated foam glass. Production. Physical and mechanical characteristics”, Proceedings of the XIII Scientific congress on machines, technologies and materials 2016, 14-17 September, 2016, Varna, Bulgaria, Part II, 2016, pp. 56-58.
  24. L. Lаkov, B. Jivov, Y. Ivanova, S. Yordanov, K. Toncheva, “Alternative possibilities for application of foamed silicate materials”, International Scientific Journal "Machines. Technologies. Materials" Issue 1/2021, pp. 25-27.
  25. L. Lakov, B. Jivov, M. Aleksandrova, Y. Ivanova, K. Toncheva, „An innovative composite material based on sintered glass foam granules”, Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 53, 6, 2018, pp. 1081-1086.
  26. Y. Ivanova, T. Partalin, L. Lakov, B. Jivov, “Airborne sound insulation of new composite wall structures”, MATEC Web of Conferences 145, 2018, 05013, NCTAM.
  27. L. Lakov, L. Drenchev, D. Nazarski, “Composite thermal insulation material”, Patent № 66960 B1, 2019, Status-valid, Place of application Bulgaria.
  28. D. Nazarski, “Building Insulations”, Publishing House “St. Naum “, Sofia, 2004.
  29. R. Savov, D. Nazarski, “Energy Efficiency, Thermal insulation systems of buildings, Publishing house”, “ABC Technic”, Sofia, 2006.
  30. B. P. Jelle, “Traditional, state-of-the-art and future thermal building insulation materials and solutions - Properties, requirements and possibilities”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 43, Issue 10, 2011, pp. 2549-2563.
  31. N. Pargana, M. D. Pinheiro, J. D. Silvestre, J. Brito, “Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of thermal insulation materials of buildings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 82, 2014, pp. 466-481.
  32. S. Schiavoni, F. D׳Alessandro, F. Bianchi, F. Asdrubali, “Insulation materials for the building sector: A review and comparative analysis”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 62, 2016, pp. 988-1011.
  33. L. Aditya, T. M. I. Mahlia, B. Rismanchi, H. M. Ng, M. H. Hasan, H. S. C. Metselaar, Oki Muraza, H. B. Aditiya, “A review on insulation materials for energy conservation in buildings’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 73, 2017, pp. 1352-1365.
  34. B. Orlik-Kożdoń, “Assessment of the application efficiency of recycling materials in thermal insulations’’, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 156, 2017, pp. 476-485.
  35. C. Hill, A. Norton, J. Dibdiakova, “A comparison of the environmental impacts of different categories of insulation materials”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 162, 2018, pp. 12-20.

Article full text

Download PDF