Machines. Technologies. Materials.
Vol. 19 (2025), Issue 10, pg(s) 413-416

MATERIALS

Effect of Combined Heat and Mechanical Processing on the Hardness and Wear Resistance of X160CrMoV12 Tool Steel

  • 1 Kaunas University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Lithuania

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of cold plastic deformation at Bridgman anvil chamber temperature on the hardness and wear resistance of X160CrMoV12 steel using hardness testing, X-ray diffraction (XRD), abrasive grinding wear (AEMW) testing, optical examination, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three batches of samples were prepared for the experiment: I – hardened, II – hardened and then tempered at 600°C for 1.5 hours, III – hardened and then plastically deformed. The samples were hardened at three temperatures: 1100, 1150, and 1200 °C. The highest amount of retained austenite, reaching 69.02%, was observed when hardening at 1200°C, while at lower temperatures, 17.36% and 38.14% were formed, respectively. After hardening (batch II), the amount of retained austenite decreased proportionally by approximately 7 times for each hardening temperature. The effect of plastic deformation (batch III) is observed by analysing the hardness of samples from the surface to the depth, reaching an average hardening depth of 0.08 mm. To check how well it holds up to wear, the surfaces of three test batches were tested using an abrasive grinding test with a load of 5N. Hardened and plastically deformed specimens showed greater resistance to abrasion than hardened and tempered specimens. The results confirmed that the optimal hardening temperature for achieving maximum wear resistance of this steel is 1100°C.

Keywords

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