Machines. Technologies. Materials.
Vol. 19 (2025), Issue 3, pg(s) 91-94

TECHNOLOGIES

Thermal Effects of High-Speed Machining: Analysis of Cutting Zone Temperatures, Tool Behavior, and Cutting Forces in C45 Steel Turning at Elevated Speeds

  • 1 Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Material Science and technology in Trnava, Slovakia

Abstract

High-speed machining (HSM) significantly influences the thermal dynamics of the cutting process, particularly in the toolworkpiece interaction zone. At elevated cutting speeds, the reduced tool-workpiece contact time minimizes heat transfer to the workpiece, concentrating thermal energy in the cutting zone. This results in localized material softening, reduced cutting forces, and enhanced process efficiency. This study investigates the thermal effects of HSM by experimentally turning C45 steel using a cubic boron nitride (CBN) tool at cutting speeds ranging from 800 m/min to 1800 m/min. Cutting forces were measured and analyzed in conjunction with temperature distributions within the cutting zone and tool. The experimental results were compared against predictions from the analytical Oxley machining model and numerical simulations using DEFORM software. The analysis revealed the dependence of cutting speed on cutting zone thermal properties, providing insights into material behavior under high-speed conditions. Furthermore, the study identified optimal cutting speeds that balance thermal effects and cutting process stability. These findings contribute to the definition of appropriate high-speed machining parameters, ensuring effective heat dissipation and stable tool performance.

Keywords

References

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