International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The study is devoted to the identification of technological features of the process of hydrovacuum dispersion (atomization) of liquid aluminium, which provides the accompanying self-generation of the effect of sonochemical hydrogenation of the obtained particles. In order to explain this phenomenon, the study reveals the design and functional features of a special, actually developed installation of continuous vertical suction and dispersion of metallurgical melts. Here the graphical scheme-model of influence of ultrafrequency cavitation pulsation generated by shock waves of hydraulic rarefaction, cumulative splitting of water molecules and sonochemical introduction of released hydrogen in solidifying particles of atomized aluminum melt is reconstructed. The results of the revealed sonochemical hydrogenation process are clearly illustrated by both electron microscopy images and X-ray diffractometry and FTIR spectroscopy. It is established that during hydrovacuum atomisation free hydrogen can be dissolved and retained in aluminum microparticles, both with the formation of blown (foamed) clusters of diffusion-amorphous hydrogenation, and – solid solution of embedding, in the form of crystals of face-centred cubic syngony.

A novel technology for producing metal powders is presented, the distinctive feature of which are the conditions of forming of powder particles. In particular, under the proposed technology the melt is sucked bottom-up by the vacuum produced by the toroidal vortex of the discharged nucleus of high-pressure water flow in the two-layer cylindrical shell cavity, where it is being dispersed as metallic particles and carried over from the working medium to a special store. The so produced powders have a particular morphology and structure, increased specific surface area and microhardness.