International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Albania has a long tradition in the collecting, cultivation and export of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), with more than 400 wild species of economic importance, representing nearly 15% of the country’s flora. Drying is a key post-harvest process that affects moisture reduction, microbial stability, and preservation of bioactive compounds, essential oils, color, and overall product quality. This study evaluates innovative solar-powered drying systems for medicinal and aromatic plants and mountain fruits in Bilisht and Ersekë, Albania. Data collected from March to August 2023 included fresh biomass weight, layer thickness, biomass density, drying temperature and
duration, relative humidity, ambient temperature, and final dry biomass. The systems incorporated heat-absorbing materials and transparent covers to improve solar energy capture and airflow control. Drying temperature and duration were identified as the main factors affecting the physical, microbiological, and phytochemical quality of dried products. Results showed that solar drying systems reduced drying time and improved product quality compared with traditional drying methods. These findings suggest that innovative solar drying systems can improve energy efficiency, preserve product quality, and increase the commercial value of medicinal and aromatic plants in Albania.