International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The authentication of fine art has customarily relied on expert connoisseurship, material analysis, and provenance research. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-based technologies have appeared as significant tools in this domain, enabling new forms of algorithmic evidence, probabilistic reasoning, and large-scale pattern recognition. This paper examines how AI-based systems support museums, galleries, collectors, and private institutions in authenticating fine art paintings. It argues that AI does not replace human expertise but establishes a hybrid epistemic framework in which algorithmic forensics and art-historical knowledge co-produce authenticity. The study analyses key technological approaches, institutional applications, epistemological implications, and structural drawbacks, positioning AI as a catalytic agent in reconfiguring trust, authority, and knowledge production within the contemporary art ecosystem.