International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Electromagnetic radiation in space presents a significant challenge to the durability of aluminum alloys used in spacecraft construction. This study analyzes the effects of ionizing radiation (gamma rays, cosmic rays, solar particles), ultraviolet and solar radiation, electromagnetic pulses (EMP), and extreme temperature fluctuations on a novel composite material based on AA7075 (B95) aluminum alloy. The results demonstrate that prolonged exposure of the material in outer space (28 months) leads to structural changes and alterations in mechanical properties. To ensure the reliability of the results, the space-exposed samples were compared with reference samples stored under terrestrial conditions.

The paper presents an analysis of the results of measurements of electromagnetic radiation from a base station installed on the roof of a site located in an area with a higher degree of urbanization, an extended center of the capital of Bulgaria, Sofia. Using mobile measuring equipment Narda AMB-8057-03, the dynamics of electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 7 GHz was monitored over a period of eight days (weekdays and weekends). The obtained values for the levels of electromagnetic fields comply with the current national legislation and European standards. They are ≤ 10 μW/cm2. However, there remains a need for monitoring, tracking and control of the emitting EMF sources, because the susceptibility of an individual person is individual and the possible health effects are different, which in some cases manifests itself as “hypersensitivity” to electromagnetic radiation.

In many cases, the importance of electromagnetic fields or the so-called “electromagnetic smog” on human health, living organisms, and the environment is ignored or at least minimized. The electromagnetic field (EMF) is a combination of invisible electric and magnetic fields with charge that occur in nature. Today, the impact of electromagnetic fields on the environment is increasing from human activities with the development and application of telecommunication technologies. Measurement, continuous monitoring, database creation, and evaluation of electromagnetic field parameters in urban environments are important aspects of optimizing EMF levels to achieve a healthy living environment. The paper presents an analysis and evaluation of electromagnetic radiation measurements from base stations of mobile operators, at one site, in a lightly urbanized urban environment over a certain time interval. Initial measurements showed exceeding the levels of electromagnetic emissions according to national legislation. During the repeated measurements, it was found that mobile operators, after correcting the radiation from base station antennas, have brought the radiation levels within the permissible limits. This underscores the necessity of ongoing monitoring.