International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The climatic performance of different ecological areas is determinant for agricultural production and its sustainability. The agriculture is closely related to climatic conditions as climate variability and climate change generate significant ef fects on agriculture. Analysis of climatic behavior of different ecological zones, are important to identify climate variations, but also phenomena related to climate change. The study of climate variations and the phenomena of climate change are important for agricultural activity, in order to adapt agricultural systems, implement mitigation strategies and adaptation to them. Organic farming systems offer the best solution in this regard. The nortthern western lowlands of Albania (Shkodra), is an area with significant agricultural activity and highly diversified, with a great potential for the implementation of organic farming systems. The analysis of the climatic variability of this area and the phenomena of climate change, will contribute to the orientation of agricultural activity towards organic systems in order to better adapt them to climatic variations and increase the sustainability of production.

The geographical distribution of plants in ecosystems and the limits of agronomic extention of plants cultivated in different areas are conditioned by the performance and climatic variabilities of these areas.The biological and productive behavior of plants in agricultural systems is determined by climate performance in general and in particular by the two main climatic parameters, temperature and precipitation.Their significant fluctuations, conditioned in recent years by climate change, are evident in the form of risky for agriculture such as prolonged droughts, severe shortages of rainfall, high summer temperatures in the form of heat waves, which further brings the effect of agronomic drought. In the thermal minimums, expressed in the form of frosts, there are observed fluctuations changes creating deviations from the average perennial performance of their occurrence. The study of thermal fluctuations, and in particular the study of the phenomenon of drought and its consequences, it is an important problem especially in areas with high agricultural character. Drought occurs when there is a shortage of rainfall for long periods, registering as a pluviometric deficit. Occurrence variations of this phenomenon are related to the rainfall cycle, but they should be considered in relation to potential climate change, especially in the Mediterranean basin where Albania is located. The study of climate variability and the identification of extreme climate phenomenas as well as the determination of thermal and pluviometric limits can be done through climate monitoring indicators. Albania’s western lowland area and particulary the Vlora area, which is under consideration on this study, is an agricultural area with a great diversity of cropping cultivations. Analyzing the climate behavior of this area will enable the design of suitable cultivation technologies as well as taking measures to minimize the damages to crop production from these factors.