Mathematical Modeling
Vol. 4 (2020), Issue 3, pg(s) 96-99

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF MEDICAL-BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS

Multipurpose virtual model of a human body and its utilization in the traffic safety

  • 1 New Technologies – Research Centre, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic; Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic
  • 2 New Technologies – Research Centre, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic

Abstract

The aim of this work is the implementation of the virtual hybrid human body model Virthuman into the pedestrian traffic collision scenarios. The pedestrians are the most vulnerable traffic road users and they are exposed to a high risk and suffer with serious injuries and responsible for high number of death and injuries. The interest of the study of simulation of a car crash accident is motivated by the effort to decrease these numbers. The authors use a virtual model of the full human body called Virthuman here. This model was built based on combination of two modelling approaches, particularly multibody and finite element. Such method is call a hybrid approach and keeps advantages of both principles. The model was fully validated against published experimental data (particular body segment tests as well as full body tests) and was successfully used in the number of applications. The purpose of this paper is to present the model as a suitable tool for pedestrian collision modelling and injury risk assessment. Besides the description of the model, the examples of the application towards pedestrian safety are going to be presented here.

Keywords

References

  1. Besip, Overview of the road accident in the EU [online], Besip, Ministry of transportation, Available at: http://www.ibesip.cz/cz/statistiky/statistiky-nehodovosti-v-evrope/prehled-vyvojedopravnich-nehod-v-eu, (2016)
  2. Policie ČR, Overview of road accident in the Czech Republic in the 2014, Directorate of Transport Police, Police Presidium of the Czech Republic, Praha, Available at: http://www.policie.cz/clanek/statistika-nehodovosti- 900835.aspx?Q=y2hudw09mw%3d%3d, (2015)
  3. P. Ramamurthy, M.V. Blundell, C. Bastien, Y. Zhang, Computer simulation of real-world vehicle pedestrian impacts, International Journal of Crashworthiness, Vol. 16(4), pp: 351–363, (2011)
  4. J. Yang, J. Yao, D. Otte, Correlation of different impact conditions to the injury severity of pedestrians in real world accidents, Proceedings of 19th International Technical Conf. Enhanced Safety of Vehicle, (2005)
  5. WHO, World Health Organisation, Global status report on road safety in 2015, Available at https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_ status/2015/en/, (2015)
  6. TAČR TA04030689, Development of active car bonnet with respect to the diversity of the human population and implementation of the biomechanical model of human body. Intermediate report, (2015)
  7. K. H. Yang, J. Hu, N. A. White, A. I. King, Development of numerical models for injury Biomechanics research: A review of 50 years of publications in the Stapp Car Crash Conference, No. 2006-22-0017. SAE Technical Paper, (2006)
  8. S. Scataglini, P. Gunther, DHM And Posturography. Academic Press, (2019)
  9. L. Hynčík, J. Špička, J., Maňas, J. Vychytil, Stature Based Approach towards Vehicle Safety, (No. 2015-26-0209), SAE Technical Paper, (2005)
  10. P. Bláha, V. Šedivý, K. Čechovský, A. Kosová, Anthropometric studies of the Czechoslovak Population from 6 to 55 years, Czechoslovak spartakiade, Vol. 1, part 2, Praha, (1985)
  11. J. Vychytil, J. Maňas H. Čechová, S. Špirk L. Hynčík, L. Kovář, Scalable multi-purpose virtual Human model for future safety assessment, (No. 2014-01-0534), SAE Technical Paper, (2014)
  12. J. Vychytil, L. Hynčík, J. Maňas, P. Pavlata, R. Striegler, T., Moser, R. Valášek, R. Prediction of Injury Risk in Pedestrian Accidents Using Virtual Human Model Virthuman: Real Case and Parametric Study, (No. 2016-01-1511), SAE Technical Paper, (2016)
  13. ESI, Virthuman Postprocessing Manual, VPS Explicit MBS Model, Mecas ESI, Rev, 2, (2015)
  14. M. Hamacher, L. Eckstein, R. Paas, Vehicle related influence of post-car impact pedestrian kinematics on secondary impact, Proceedings of the International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury conference. Vol. 40. International Research Council on Biomechanics of Injury, (2012)
  15. I. Han, R. M. Brach, Throw model for frontal pedestrian collisions, (No. 2001-01-0898), SAE Technical Paper, (2001)
  16. C. K. Simms, D. P. Wood, Effect of pre-impact pedestrian position and motion on kinematics and Injuries from vehicle and ground contact, International Journal of Crashworthiness, Taylor & Francis, (2006)
  17. Y, Suguru, T, Matsuhashi, Y. Matsuoka, Simulation of car-pedestrian accident for evaluate car Structure, Proceedings of the 26th Int. Tech. Conf. On the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles, Windsor (Canada), (1998)
  18. D. P. Wood, C. K. Simms, D. G. Walsh, Vehicle-pedestrian collisions: Validated models for Pedestrian impact and projection, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, Vol 219(2), pp: 183-195, (2005)
  19. J. Špička, J. Vychytil, J. Maňas, P. Pavlata, J. Motl Modelling of Real Car-to-Pedestrian Accident: Comparison of Various Approaches in the Car Bonnet Modelling, Proceedings of ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Multibody Dynamics, Prague, (2017)
  20. J. Špička, J. Vychytil, L. Hynčík, Numerical analysis of a pedestrian to car collision: Effect of variations in walk, Applied and Computational Mechanics, Vol. 10(2), (2017),
  21. J. R. Kerrigan, D. B. Murphy, D. C. Drinkwater, C. Y. Kam, D. Bose, J. R. Crandall, J. R. Kinematic corridors for PMHS tested in full-scale pedestrian impact tests, In Experimental Safety Vehicles Conference, (2005)
  22. K-U. Schmitt, P, Niederer, F. Walz, Trauma biomechanics: Introduction to accidental injury, Springer Science & Business Media, (2004)
  23. S. Špirk, The collision of unbelted passenger with assessment of various vehicle interior, Proceedings of Manufacturing Technology, (2017)
  24. STRMTG, Technical Agency for ropeway and Guided Transport System, The technical guides, Tramway front end design, Version 01, (2016)
  25. S. Špirk, J. Špička, Tramway front end design safe for pedestrian, Proceedings of Applied and Computational Mechanics, (2018)

Article full text

Download PDF