International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This study proposes a mathematical pathway to achieve sustainable design and resource-friendly management of a biodiesel supply chain produced from dairy waste scum. In the work, the features of a combined biodiesel/dairy supply chain are outlined and a set of design and management tools is developed, which is formulated in MILP terms. The optimization criterion is defined in terms of economic sustainability and environmental assessment data is applied as part of it. The purpose of the defined mathematical model is to obtain optimal operating conditions of the considered combined supply chain. A test example based on a case study from Bulgaria was considered. The results of the toolbox implementation can be used as a decision-making tool.

This study aims to determine the effects of canola biodiesel on engine performance characteristics and torque rise. In the experiments, canola biodiesel (B100) and diesel (B0) were used as fuel with mixtures by introducing canola biodiesel into diesel in proportions of 5% (B5), 10% (B10), 20% (B20), 50% (B50), and 80% (B80). These fuels were tested on an air-cooled direct injection four-cylinder diesel engine. Tests were run based methods indicated by the standard No. TS 1231. According to the results of the study, the engine’s torque rise values for diesel (B0), B5, B10, B20, B50, B80 and biodiesel (B100) fuels were 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22% and 21% respectively. It was found that the increasing ratio of biodiesel in the mixture reduced the torque rise values. It was observed that the difference between the torque rise values of B5 and B0 were insignificant.

Today, there is a significant interest in alternative energy sources for vehicles, as a result of continuous concern for the environmental impact and for consumption of the primary energy sources, which are limited. Diesel engines present particularly significant emission like nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, hydrocarbons and black smoke. This paper present a literature review on some alternative fuels for diesel engines, as pure plant oil, biodiesel and compressed natural gas, and their impact on diesel engine emissions.

The settling dynamics of aqueous solution potassium citrate plates and water droplets in the bulk of biodiesel were considered. The settling time of their deposition was determined. Rational water droplet sizes for washing biodiesel were defined.

The settling dynamics of aqueous solution potassium citrate plates and water droplets in the bulk of biodiesel were considered. The settling time of their deposition was determined. Rational water droplet sizes for washing biodiesel were defined.