International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The study deals with preparation of carbon/SiO2 based natural composite material by slow pyrolysis of rice husks at 480° C. The phase composition, microstructure and morphology of the solid pyrolysis residue were investigated by XRD, FTIR spectrometry, thermal analysis, Hg-porosimetry, B.E.T. specific surface area and SEM-EDS. The sorption capacity of the pyrolyzed rice husks (PRH) upon adsorption of oil and oil products spills was determined. The obtained results revealed that PRH possess high sorption ability toward to gasoline, diesel, motor oil, light and heavy crude oil, in the range of 3.7 to 9.2 kg.kg-1. The adsorbent is characterized with hydrophobicity and buy-effect 90% more 10 days. PRH were investigated also as material for deep adsorption removal of thiophene from model fuel under batch mode. It was found that adsorption of 92% of the aromatic sulfur compound from the model fuel was achieved.

The object of the research is waste polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethyleneterephthalate and polyvinylchloride, which are subjected to pyrolysis utilization with plant raw materials as a carrier. The purpose of the study is the thermal processing of these wastes into carbon adsorbents and the analysis of their adsorption properties. Combinations of the most spread polymeric wastes and plant raw materials, as well as products of its transformation (wood, peat, lignite, coal and its coke) were studied as feedstocks for the production of carbon adsorbents. The temperature regime of pyrolysis of plant materials was determined according to the results of thermographic analysis. The effect of the type of raw materials and polymeric wastes on the yield and on the parameters of porous structure of the produced adsorbents was estimated and the high-quality samples among them were selected.

With 65 wt% solid content, Polymer/YSZ composites have been produced via extruder by using of PP, PMMA and TPU. With pyrolysis process, physical stability conditions of continuous YSZ free form fibres have been investigated according to type of polymer and pre-sintering temperature. In addition to this, melt flow rate values and thermal analysis investigations of PP, PMMA, TPU, PP/YSZ, PMMA/YSZ, TPU/YSZ were determined by melt flow rate analysis and TGA. Compared to unreinforced polymers (PMMA, PP and TPU) the melt flow rate of the composites containing YSZ powder has decreased approximately 15 %. From TGA results it was also found that the contribution of the yttria stabilized zirconia changed the decomposition temperature of the polymer part.