International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Machine inspection is a mandatory technological process in industrial processing agriculture products. The camera detects color and shape based irregularities of the object resulting in a large number of parameters for decision-making and sorting product compliance. The goal was to discover a new criterion for decision-making using only the output signal of the RGB camera. Research employed the digital images of raspberries, blackberries, peas and yellow beans during real processing, obtained from a color sorter machine. The visual texture of the surface of the agricultural products was described via defined statistical indicators of color (color average value (Avg), standard deviation (Stdv), entropy (E), and lacunarity (L) was used from the sphere of image fractal analysis as one of the criteria. By applying the non-parametric tests: Wilcoxon signed rank and Friedman test, statistically significant difference was established for the L and Е criteria between compliant and non-compliant industrial products.

The cold atmospheric pressure operating plasma /CAPP/ offers attractive opportunities for various surface decontamination treatments of both food products and non-food materials. The technology is especially considered as promising mild but efficient surface treatment of fresh food products in order to extend their shelf live and sustain quality. Here we report evaluation of the effect of CAPP micro torch treatment of Canadian blueberries and cherry tomatoes related with the fruit quality and possible cell wall damages and changes of the total anthocyanins content of treated fruits. The problems and opportunities for further application of plasma jet generated CAPP treatment for fresh fruit decontamination are discussed. Thе research is funded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund under Grant DN08/8-2016.

In recent years, interest in butanol and butyric acid as a potential substitute for traditional fuels has grown. Microbiological production of butanol and butyric acid from carbohydrates is not economically advantageous due to several process defects. The cost reduction potential of the product is related to expanding the substrates used and optimizing the process’ economics. The metabolism of the strains Clostridia is in two stages – acidic and solvatogenic. In the beginning, carboxylic acids are formed, and afterward, these acids induce the preparation of solvents.
The aim of this work is to study the effect of unusual substrate on butyric acid production by Clostridium beijerinckii 4A1. The experiments performed were based on a Reinforced Clostridial medium, using different concentrations of lactic acid as carbon source, at Т= 37 °C, and anaerobic conditions.

Among the various methods for water purification and treatment from contaminated industrial pollutants, one of the most used is the adsorption methods based on activated carbons. The purpose of our study is to investigate the correlation between the porous texture and chemical nature of the surface and sorption capacity of the activated carbon, obtained based on lignite coal. The object of the study is also to determine its effectiveness as a sorbent for Cd-ions purification of contaminated industrial water. The obtained data from the conducted investigation show that the adsorbent based on such kind of activated carbon has good qualities for water purification from various pollutants and heavy metals

This article considers the generation of the canonical form of linear programming to determine the optimal number of techniques. The linear programming problem was solved using the created software interface as a result of solving the problem during the generation process.

The exposure on high concentrations of PM particles causes various serious diseases such as cardiovascular, respiratory related diseases and cancer as discovered in more scientific studies. According to experts, there is no immediate victory for pollution, but action must be taken, as this problem cannot wait for future times and generations. In this paper, we will analyze air pollution with PM10 and PM2.5 in indoor urban areas (apartments, workplaces, etc.). This will help the competent authorities to model an urban development plan, traffic density and air quality measures for the population that spends most of the day in an indoor environment. Another benefit would be to obtain information from the results of the online indoor monitoring – to decide whether purifiers should be purchased to reduce air pollution in permissible limits. Visual modeling with GIS (interpolation) gives a dynamic visual representation of the indoor space, clearly showing which parts of the place are polluted and accordingly take action.

The object of the paper is the solid water. The water is a model pollution with calcium dichloride. We used complexonometric method to determine the hardness. We have analysed the amount of softener influencing the hardness of the water, which is used to decontaminate humans.

Present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of using water-soluble polymers as a protective coating and rate of influence of additional seed coat on the germination and emergence of seeds. There have been conducted series of experiments using aqueous solutions of high molecular weight polyethylene glycol at a concentration of 0.1 and 0, 05% for the preparation of polymeric coatings of varying thickness. The research have been performed in laboratory and field conditions. There have been reported values for air and soil temperature, soil humidity and precipitation during the investigation period as major factors affecting seed germination.

This study aimed to predict the protein content(PC) and canopy spectra in winter wheat were measured based on field test. Key spectral bands were chosen by principal component analysis (PCA) method, and the predicted models were built by Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The performance of the feed forward and cascade forward ANNs was compared with those of PLS regression models using root mean square error (R) and the correlation coefficient (2). The finest consequence by CFBP was related to topology of 8-8-1 with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm, threshold function of TANSIG-TANSIG-PURELIN and the initial strategy. This arrangement output was R=0.0289 and 2=0.9881 at 14 epochs. The consequences of estimate for correlation values of PLSR model was 0.9783. The results of prediction for the two models were in order of ANN > PLSR with correlation values of 0.9881 and 0.9783, respectively. Therefore, NIRS shows the potential for predicting protein content with accuracies suitable for process control.

The objective of this work was to measure the effects of different tillage methods on weeds population in second crop corn. The field experiment was conducted at the research area of Dicle University in 2014, Diyarbakır province, southeastern part of Turkey. The treatment was lay out at the randomized complete blocks design with three times replication. In this study, different six tillage method were applied (one conventional tillage (CT) – four conservation tillage (RT) and no-till (NT)). According to results, there were found significant difference among treatments. The lowest values of weeds were recorded in the CT, while the highest values of weeds were noted in RT1and NT tillage methods. There was found more density the speices of Xanthium strumarium subsp., Solanum nigrum L., Euphorbia helioscopia L., Convolvulus arvensis L. and Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. than other weed species .As a result, we can consider reduce tillage methods for mechanical weed control for corn production.

The conducted scientific researches on the theory of project preparation of agroengineers are based on scientific research on agricultural engineering which were based on regulatory documents, including the Law of Ukraine “On Higher Education”, which states that the educational process is an intellectual, educational and scientific activity, which is being carried out in institutions of higher education through a system of scientific and methodological and pedagogical activities. The study of the influence of cross-cutting, scientifically substantiated sequencing and step-by-step pedagogical technology of training on the formation of readiness for future activities of future specialists in agroengineering was conducted. In a scientifically substantiated system of cross-cutting design of technical means of mechanization, the key stage is the implementation of a professionally relevant for agroengineer coursework on agricultural machines, which students perform at the 3rd year of study at the university. In these scientific studies, the readiness of a future specialist in agroengineering to design and research activities was assessed by motivational-value, cognitive-educational and activity-practical criteria.

The primary role of the space materials science is to ensure the long-term trouble-free operation of materials and elements of equipment in a space environment. The achievements of space materials science are a solid foundation for solving these tasks. In this paper we present the first part of the analysis of some different aspects of the space environment and their effect on the properties of materials (such as high vacuum conditions, own external atmosphere, collisions with particles, solar electromagnetic radiation, solar wind, penetrating corpuscular radiation) which are located or are mounted on the body of the International Space Station. But there are still problems such as the electrification of satellites, the work of materials in the atmosphere of heavy nuclei, the surface potential of the International Space Station, etc., which will be the subject of our next, second part of this study.