International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

In this study, cutter blades were designed to shred nonwoven waste fabrics by being positioned on an existing shaft. In this context, the design was carried out by considering the shear stress and density of the material to be shredded. During the design process, the total deformation conditions on the cutting surface were examined, and the stress concentration regions were identified using the von Mises approach to determine the necessary mechanical properties of the cutter blade. At this stage, the most suitable cutting tool material was selected. To ensure the torque from the motor is evenly distributed to the cutting edges and to meet the requirements of the material to be cut/shredded as well as the targeted machine capacity, various tool geometries were created and designed. In this context, analyses were performed to determine the effect of the selected geometries on the load distribution on the cutting edges, and the optimal tool geometry was decided.

In this study, the design and modeling of a shredding unit intended to fragment nonwoven waste fabrics and prepare them for recycling were carried out. Stress analyses were performed on the shaft attached to the blade, along with motor power and torque analyses required for smooth operation, and mass flow calculations. Mathematical models were developed based on these data. Additionally, structural analyses of the chassis, necessary for stable system operation, were conducted, resulting in a comprehensive mathematical model of the entire system.

In this study, an original design was developed to address the issue of insufficient packaging speed, a key challenge in wet wipe production lines. A separator/distributor was developed that enables a single wet wipe machine to work with three packaging units during the transfer of products from the wet wipe preparation unit to the packaging process. The developed separator moves angularly on the vertical axis and can transfer products to conveyor groups leading to three different packaging lines. Additionally, a unique movable upper conveyor was designed to operate across a range of product heights, which applies pressure to the products during movement to prevent them from scattering. One of the primary design criteria for the conveyor is lightweight construction, and this was a key focus during development. To achieve angular motion, a servo-driven flywheel mechanism was designed. The machine is equipped with sensors for Industry 4.0 compatibility, ensuring communication between units. In case one of the packaging machines becomes inactive, the separator automatically redirects the product feeding process to the remaining packaging machines, ensuring uninterrupted production.