International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This paper presents an implemented prototype of the ontoEnMS ontology, which formalizes selected ISO 50001 energy-management knowledge and connects it with manufacturing and measurement contexts. A hybrid METHONTOLOGY/NeOn workflow is used to develop an OWL 2 DL TBox and an enterprise ABox. The model represents energy reviews, significant energy uses (SEU), energy baselines (EnB), energy performance indicators (EnPI), operational control and improvement actions. Alignment hooks connect ontoEnMS with an author-developed IEC 62264-based OntoMES model and SOSA/SSN without asserting unjustified class equivalence. The prototype is checked in Protégé 5.6.4 through HermiT/Pellet consistency reasoning and four competency questions implemented as SPARQL query patterns. An industrial mining-and-processing ABox links production units, equipment, electricity meters, observations and area-level EnPI values. For area K2-B, 18.40 kWh/t is compared with a 17.92 kWh/t baseline, identifying a 0.48 kWh/t (2.68%) adverse deviation. SHACL completeness constraints are specified as the next closed-world validation layer rather than reported as executed tests.

The Industry 4.0 initiative imposes new requirements on cyber-physical systems in terms of interoperability, response time, communication capabilities, and more. A major approach to addressing these requirements is through the development and use of standard reference frameworks, architectures and models as well as the widespread and joint application of open industry standards. The aim of the article is to analyze the use of standards under the Fourth Industrial Revolution as well as to present and analyze some of the most applied standards in the field of monitoring and control of cyber-physical systems, such as AutomationML, OPC-UA, IEC-61449, IEC-61512. The reference architecture RAMI 4.0 was used to establish relationships and interactions between them.

Industry 4.0 offers an unprecedented opportunity for transformational success, but companies must have plant floor software that is ready for that journey. The fact that Industry 4.0 is already predicted means companies can prepare themselves now. This paper helped companies understand what they need to drive manufacturing in an IIoT world and the new role of manufacturing operations in the enterprise. It also discussed what Smart Manufacturing means and why companies should start the journey now, actions executives should take to address the convergence of IT and automation, and key criteria for selecting a MOM partner to support next-generation business solutions.