International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The idea of creating and using digital twins has been strongly influenced by the process of integrating artificial intelligence methods with big data analytics of data from Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The concept of “Digital Twin” has become increasingly influential and culminating in the field of CPS. The main objective of the study is to define the basic requirements to the digital twins for cyber-physical system and based on the different definitions and components of digital twins, to summarize and analyze approaches, methods and tools used for their development. This analysis should serve as a basis for the development of a methodology for creating digital twins for cyber-physical manufacturing systems in the process industry.

The IEC-62541 (OPC UA) standard is an important part of the Industry 4.0 reference architecture and is recommended as the only possible communication standard. A particularly important issue that is being addressed is the issue of security. Cyber security is one of the most important challenges for achieving the objectives of the Industry 4.0 initiative and of the associated cyber-physical systems (CPS). The paper analyzes the vulnerability of cyber-attacks and the main threats that threaten the security of OPC UA-based CPS and defines proven and sustainable recommendations for increasing the security of these applications.

The transition to CPS is one of the great challenges of the “Industry 4.0”. The core of cyber-physical systems is an effective control, associated with achievement of a high degree of adaptability, autonomy, functionality, reliability, security and usability. The paper presents a combined approach for development of cyber-physical systems based on the IEC-61512 and IEC-61499 standards represented as partial model of asset administration shell, according the reference architectural model RAMI4.0. The models allow the description of continuous production of finite quantities of materials (batches) from two distinct views – physical and control (cyber). The approach is enhanced in respect to the correctness and reliability achieved, by replacing the semi-formal models with using of Signal Interpreted Petri Nets supporting the verification processes