International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The urgency of the issue under consideration is stipulated by large-scale international research and is confirmed by the Russian Federation Government Decree No. 1-P of 08.01.2009 “Main Directions of State Policy in the Sphere of Energy Efficiency Improvement on the Basis of Using Renewable Energy Sources for the Period to 2020” and the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from July 7, 2011 № 899 on priority directions of development of science, technology and technics in the Russian Federation.
According to the analytical agency “AUTOSTAT”, as of 2017 there are 3.7. million of trucks in the Russian Federation, of which the ecological standards “Euro-4” (and above) correspond only 14%, and annually are used more than 20 million tons for freight transport, which in the amount of processing oil to diesel gas oil is more than 70 million tons of diesel gas oil . From the above, it can be concluded that in order to solve the fuel issue and preserve the environment, it is necessary to study the performance of the diesel engine using diesel composite fuel and transfer of transport to alternative fuels.
As a raw material for the production of alternative fuels is attractive biomass, such as oilseeds and waste from processing plants.
As a result of the growing demand for ricinic oil by industry, it is necessary to study its application as a component for the production of diesel composite fuel.
However, the viscosity of ricinic oil is higher than that of diesel gas oil, so it can only be used as an additive to low-viscosity components. As a result of the addition of diesel fuel and bioethanol to ricinic oil, with preliminary preparation, decreases viscosity and are improved low-temperature properties. This mixture can be suitable for use on transport-technological machines, the point of view of qualitative spraying in areas with a moderate climate.
Based on the thermal calculation of the engine by the methods of Prokopenko R.M., Khorosh A.I., Bashirova R.M., are determined the parameters of the working cycle of the engine D-240 and are presented below the dependences on the concentrations of the components.
The article compares the obtained results with the indicators of traditional diesel gas oil.

The relevance of the matter is confirmed by numerous researches of the alternate engine fuel, in particular, from the renewable sources of raw materials (biomass) studied in various regions of the Russian Federation and abroad. For obtaining diesel composite fuel as raw materials are attractive oil crops which are not used in the food industry, for example, carthamus, false flax, colza, winter cress, crambe and castor-oil plant.
At the moment the need for the ricinic oil used in military, chemical, machine-building, radio-electronic, printing, paint and varnish, medical, cosmetic and other industries in the Russian Federation grows. As a result of processing of a castor-oil plant fruits by cold press in residual meal or pod there are about 10% of oil which is possible for allocating by processing of meal on technology of extraction with receiving technical ricinic oil with a possibility of application as raw materials for receiving paint and varnish, lubricants and diesel composite fuel.
However viscosity of ricinic oil is 10 times more, than at diesel gas oil therefore it is necessary to apply in mix with low-viscosity components. As additive to ricinic oil can be used mineral oil fuel and bioethanol due to which mixture viscosity considerably decreases, cloud point and crystallizations temperature decreases. [8]
As diesel composite fuel is investigated mixture of ricinic oil (RicO), and summer diesel gas oil according to National State Standard 305-2013. On the basis of the carried-out calculation are defined indexes of a working cycle, dependences on concentration of components of blenderized fuel are shown.
On the basis of the calculation, are determined the working cycle indexes, are shown the dependences on the concentration of the components of the composite fuel. Based on the results of the calculation, the obtained indicators were compared with diesel gas oil.