Three different types of combustion chambers for a gas turbine generator are discussed. The advantage of a hybrid gas turbine generator with one main and four co-cell combustion chambers is presented. The data from the experiment to be conducted on it are analyzed, and the issues of selecting an electric generator for a gas turbine generator using a simplified method are shown.
Overcharging is one of the most effective methods for increasing the power output and improving the energy efficiency of spark-ignition internal combustion engines. It has a significant influence on the processes of mixture formation, combustion, and heat release, which necessitates a detailed experimental investigation of the engine working process. This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of supercharging on the indicator diagram and the heat release coefficient of a VW-1600 GTI spark-ignition engine equipped with a K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection system. The appropriate operating modes, defined by engine speed and load, were selected to ensure reliable measurement and comparison of the investigated parameters under naturally aspirated and supercharged operating conditions.
The transition to low-carbon fuels introduces new challenges for the design of energy systems based on internal combustion engines. This paper addresses the effects of ammonia as one of the prime fuels for highly efficient two-stroke engines, e.g., based on MAN high-pressure injection technology. Even if these prime movers can maintain a high effective efficiency over a wide load range, the thermodynamic features of the ammonia combustion have a strong impact on the waste heat pattern. The analysis indicates that the lower adiabatic flame temperature and the chemical composition of the exhaust gases reduce the exhaust temperature, while variations in the specific heat capacity of the exhaust mixture reduce the exergy. This phenomenon is directly related to a reduced potential of working fluid generation in waste heat recovery (WHR) systems. The paper concludes that to maintain high overall plant energy efficiency, advanced technologies, such as organic Rankine cycles (ORC), have to be applied to compensate for the loss of the thermal potential, especially at off-design load conditions.
Modern diesel engines are increasingly equipped with intelligent electronic control systems aimed at improving engine performance, optimizing fuel consumption, and reducing exhaust gas emissions. This paper analyses the “Common Rail Diesel Injection System – CR/EDC15” controlled by the Bosch EDC15 electronic control unit. The research was conducted using the AutoEDU laboratory platform installed in the Automotive Mechatronics Laboratory at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. The platform enables real-time monitoring of engine operating parameters, OBDII diagnostics, and analysis of intelligent sensors and actuators used in modern diesel engines. The study investigates the influence of the electronic control system on fuel injection optimization, acceleration response improvement, combustion efficiency, and emission reduction. The obtained results show that the CR/EDC15 system provides higher engine performance, improved operational stability, lower fuel consumption, and reduced environmental pollution compared to conventional mechanical injection systems.
The main concept concerns the application of the acoustic emission (AE) method to develop a methodology for real-time monitoring and diagnosis of the technical condition of diesel engines, which will reduce the time required for repair and maintenance. The investigation of new signal-processing tools is one of the most topical research areas in the contemporary signal-processing community. The approach adopted is consistent with acoustic emission methods, in which the principal diagnostic parameter is the temporal evolution of event intensity, including analysis of the slope of the cumulative-event curve. The practical application of the results of this study will help optimize diesel-engine monitoring and maintenance while simultaneously reducing the associated costs. AE-based monitoring can serve as an effective diagnostic and prognostic tool, improving safety, energy efficiency, and environmental performance. In the study, AE sensors were installed at specified locations on the engine, and AE signals were recorded using two different AE systems. The results were analyzed to determine the sources of the AE signals.
In this paper the effect of the piston secondary dynamics was investigated. The piston secondary dynamics comprises the rotation around the pin axis and the translation of the piston body between the two sides of the liner. The most prominent situation of this motion arises on diesel engines. For this purpose ©Ricardo RINGPACK simulation suite was used to simulate the behavior of the piston and rings of a turbodiesel engine. In particular, three aspects of the work of the engine were analysed: Gas blow-by, friction and power losses of the pack. In order to detect the magnitude of the secondary dynamics of the piston, the engine was simulated in two conditions, with and without the secondary motions of the piston. According to results, the rings of a piston without the secondary motion, maintain a more stable position in relation with the piston groove and are more able to prevent gas flows. Furthermore, the secondary motions elimination seems to decrease the friction between components and thus to slightly improve the power loss of the assembly, although at a smaller magnitude with respect to the blow-by gasses.
the paper discusses the preparation of a fuel mixture consisting of liquefied gas and diesel fuel in marine diesel engines through the implementation of the gas–diesel process, where diesel fuel is used as pilot fuel. This approach reduces the ignition delay period compared to conventional liquid fuels, shortens combustion duration, and extends the flammability limits of the working mixture. Improved mixture formation leads to an increase in combustion rate and more complete combustion during the active combustion phase, causing the engine cycle to approach the Otto cycle. As a result, the environmental and performance characteristics of the diesel engine are significantly improved compared to conventional diesel and standard gas–diesel engines. The paper also analyzes the dependence of ignition delay on combustion parameters and fuel injection timing.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly being deployed across a broad range of applications, including surveillance, logistics, environmental monitoring, and military operations. However, their operational effectiveness remains fundamentally constrained by current energy storage technologies, primarily lithium-ion batteries. These conventional power sources suffer from low specific energy, limited endurance, prolonged charging times, and safety concerns under extreme operating conditions.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of alternative energy solutions for UAV platforms, focusing on hydrogen fuel cells, solar photovoltaic systems, tethered power configurations, wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies, and hybrid propulsion architectures. Each technology is assessed in terms of energy density, system complexity, operational endurance, and suitability for specific mission profiles.
In this article, the authors describe the development process of a custom internal combustion engine (ICE) for a vehicle competing in the Shell Eco-marathon. The engine will be designed to replace the Honda GX35 previously used in the vehicle. The new engine has to comply with competition regulations and improve the overall fuel efficiency of the vehicle. An engine test stand was developed for measuring the power and brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of small IC engines which allowed tests to be carried out on the GX35 to collect data for the design. Based on the data obtained from the tests and the information gathered from educational materials, a suitable IC engine will be later developed.
This paper presents energy and exergy analysis results of whole gas turbine set and all its components. From the energy viewpoint, combustion chamber has the lowest energy loss (21.31 MW) and the highest energy efficiency (97.20%) of all gas turbine set components. Exergy analysis shows totally opposite trend in comparison to the energy analysis. From the exergy viewpoint, turbocompressor and turbine have low exergy destruction (both around 12 MW) and very high exergy efficiencies (92.43% for turbocompressor and 96.12% for turbine) at the base ambient state. Simultaneously, at the base ambient state combustion chamber has an exergy destruction of 159 MW and low exergy efficiency of 73.29% only. The combustion chamber is the most sensitive to the ambient temperature change of all components from the gas turbine set – the ambient temperature change of 10 °C will result with combustion chamber exergy efficiency change of approximately 0.67%. Whole gas turbine set (plant) has an energy efficiency of 34.40% and exergy efficiency of 33.08%.
Most important of fuel economy research and vehicle industry today is to find a unique fuel with high calorific value and low tail pipe emissions . in this research a good effort was spent to find a solution for automotive industry by presenting a new fuel which was extracted from Citrullus and presented as handle seeds oil to be used as bio fuel in internal combustion engine, which is very important issue for automotive industry . The importance of extracting Handel oil has led to investigate the characteristics of chemical and physical properties of new fuel, such as density, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, flash point, pour point, cloud point, which will help of controlling the composition of biofuel and improve the fuel quality which can be used in internal combustion engines . The two important processes were used for biodiesel production are Esterification and Transesterification.
The development of a combustion concept for hydrogen-fuelled high-speed large engines requires a suitable development methodology, including the interaction between 1D and 3D simulation as well as experimental investigations on research engines. The main subject of this paper is the development of one-dimensional single cylinder and multi cylinder engine models used for turbo matching and to gain a better understanding of combustion anomalies. The latter are especially affected by the mixture formation process which is investigated by means of 3D CFD simulations for port fuel injection and direct injection engine operation. Boundary conditions are generated based on experimental investigations on a single cylinder research engine with displacement of about 6 liters. The paper concludes with an assessment of the benefits and limitations of different engine configurations.