International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The paper presents the results of studies on the influence of fuel system malfunctions, engine adjustment violations, technical condition, and operating conditions of tractors, trucks, and passenger cars on fuel consumption. The analysis of external speed characteristics of diesel and carburetor engines is carried out. The influence of ignition timing, fuel equipment condition, tire pressure, cooling system operation, and maintenance quality on fuel efficiency indicators is considered. It is shown that untimely maintenance, improper adjustment of engine systems, and violation of operating requirements significantly affect fuel consumption and engine performance. The results of the study demonstrate that the technical condition of vehicles and operating modes are among the main factors determining fuel efficiency indicators.

Environmental problems today are one of the most important and global indicators of human development. One of the consequences of the impact of agricultural machinery on natural resources is their pollution due to loss of fuel and lubricants and engine waste. The purpose of the research is to develop scientific and methodological bases for the selection of criteria for assessing the environmental safety of the diesel engine of an energy vehicle with the creation of an environmental safety management system. The scientific and methodological basis for assessing these factors is a systematic approach to solving environmental problems that arise during the operation of machine-tractor units and other agricultural energy resources. Estimation of the level of emissions of the main pollutants and toxic substances in exhaust gases can be defined by means of the regulatory characteristic of the engine depending on an operating mode of this engine. The optimal mode of operation of the engine YaMZ-236M2, from an environmental point of view, adopted 1450…1850 rpm. In this case, fuel consumption does not increase in this mode. It is possible to reduce the emissions of the most significant NOx exhaust element by limiting the engine speed to 90% of the nominal. CO and CH emissions at a given engine speed have not reached their maximum value.

Internal combustion (IC) engines are main source of power used in the automotive industry. These engines have undergone many up gradation for decades, with an initial goal of increase in power of the unit. Presently, as a result of tightening environmental regulations, research is focused on reducing harmful gases emissions along with increase of the engines efficiency.