International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

There were considered the physical, structural and morphological prerequisites for the realization of the nanostate phenomenon of dispersed particles of condensed matter of different composition, nature and technology for production. It was shown the role of the size factor in the occurrence of the nanostate phenomenon due to the change of the energy parameters of the surface layers of particles that contribute to their effective modifying effect on the high-molecular matrix. Physical models of the formation of a particular energy state of dispersed particles and metallic and non-metallic materials substrates, characterized by the presence of local areas ("charge-mosaic") with a long relaxation time are proposed.It was considered practical application of the nanostate phenomenon when creating high-strength and wear-resistant materials based on thermoplastic matrices (PA6, PTFE, PET), consistent lubricant and lubricating oils, tribological and protective coatings for friction units and metalwares used in mechanical engineering, automotive and mining engineering. It was made the examples of the effective use of developed nanocomposite materials in practice.

Using methods of spectroscopy of thermally stimulated currents (TSC spectroscopy), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was done of the energy state of dispersed particles of different composition and structure – mineral (tripoli, shungit, clay, mica, silica) and synthetic (ultra dispersed polytetrafluoroethylene, nanodiamonds, silicate glass, metal oxides). There was established the effect of occurrence of the special energy state of dispersed particles, due to the presence of nanoscale components of the structure. There were studied parameters of the energy characteristics of the modifier (value and density of the residual charge, activation energy of the relaxation, time of charge relaxation et al.) depending on the action of technological factors – temperature, mechanical stress, energy flows. The optimal ranges of occurrence of effective modifying action in macromolecular matrices of various types – polymeric, oligomeric, combined. There were proposed technological principles formation of mechanical engineering nanocomposite materials with improved parameters of deformation and strength and tribological characteristics.

There were studied the mechanisms of interfacial processes when combining components of different composition, structure, and molecular weight in disintegrating type high-energy installations. The effects of formation of mechanochemical transformations products due to the flow of physical and chemical processes of interfacial interactions at the place of active centers of combined components were established. There were developed compositions and obtaining technology of composite materials and products containing mechanochemically combined components that cause the realization of synergies enhance the parameters of strength and tribological characteristics. The directions of the practical application of composites with mechanically activated components for the manufacture of tribological purpose products and coatings, which are used in metal-polymer constructions of vehicles and technological equipment.