International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Pedestrians are a special category of road traffic participants. The special feature of pedestrian traffic is that it is accessible to everyone, regardless of age or knowledge of traffic. Pedestrians do not usually wear protective clothing and have a low and vulnerable position on the road compared to other road users. In road accidents involving pedestrians, 96% of those involved were injured due to inadequate pedestrian protection. Pedestrians are responsible for about 20% of all road traffic fatalities, although the proportion of road accidents involving pedestrians is only 4%. This shows that pedestrians are an extremely vulnerable group of participants. Therefore, this paper presents an analysis of all traffic accidents involving pedestrians in a five-year period in the Republic of Croatia. It is analysed in which locations and for what reasons traffic accidents occur in which pedestrians suffer fatal consequences. The analysis is conducted so that the micro-locations where pedestrian accidents occur can be further investigated.

Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users and traffic accidents involving pedestrians are the most complex type of traffic accident to analyse. The paper describes the kinematics of traffic accidents involving pedestrians and presents statistical data on pedestrian traffic accidents. The main element which needs to be calculated regarding a pedestrian collision is the impact speed of the vehicle involved in the collision. This paper aims to present various models of vehicle impact speed calculation. As a part of this paper, several crash tests were conducted using a pedestrian dummy to determine the reliability of the models. Additionally, the PC-Crash simulation software was also used to calculate the impact speed of the vehicle.

In this work a method of vehicle-pedestrian accident reconstruction in case of unlimited driver visibility and accelerating vehicle moving is presented. This method presents are mathematical models for determining the pedestrian visibility time, vehicle speed at the moment of impact, time to vehicle move from the moment of the hazard occurrence until the moment of impact, the vehicle distance from the place of impact, stopping distance, etc.